论《春秋》“为尊者讳”的文化认知价值  

On the Cultural Cognitive Value of“Avoid Mentioning the Respectable”in the Spring and Autumn Annals

作　　者：王习之 袁玉立 WANG Xizhi;YUAN Yuli(School of Literature,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China;Anhui Federation of Social Sciences,Hefei 230053,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学文学院,陕西咸阳712082 [2]安徽省社会科学界联合会,安徽合肥230053

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期88-93,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University:SOC.SCI.

摘　　要：《春秋公羊传》云:“为尊者讳,为贤者讳,为亲者讳。”其中“讳”因所指未尽其义,致后世理解多有歧义。后《春秋谷梁传》云:“为尊者讳耻,为贤者讳过,为亲者讳疾。”“为尊者讳”表面是“讳名”,而实际是“讳耻”,意在通过“义讳”揭示“不耻”。从文化认知视角看,“为尊者讳”及其释读均是文化认知的产物。春秋以前,“讳”的文化认知价值主要是“讳名”;春秋至秦政期间,“讳”的文化认知价值主要是“讳耻”;秦皇汉武以后,“讳”的文化认知价值不仅在于“讳名”,更在于“讳耻”。今天应科学认识“为尊者讳”的儒学义涵,重估“为尊者讳耻”在当代的文化认知价值。It is suggested in the Gong Yang Biography of the Spring and Autumn Annals that“avoid mentioning the respectable,the wise,and the intimate”,and the key word“avoid mentioning”is ambiguous for later generations because the meaning of“mentioning”is not fully understood.Later,it is suggested in the Guliang Biography of the Spring and Autumn Annals that“avoid mentioning the shame of the respectable,the mistake of the wise,and the disease of the intimate”.“Avoid mentioning the respectable”on the surface is to“avoid mentioning their names”,but in fact it is to“avoid mentioning the shame”,which aims to reveal“shamelessness”through“righteousness avoidance”.From the perspective of cultural cognition,“avoid mentioning the respectable”and its interpretations are the products of cultural cognition.Before the Spring and Autumn period,the cultural cognitive value of“avoidance”was mainly to“avoid mentioning the name”.From the Spring and Autumn period to the Qin Dynasty,the cognitive value of“avoidance”was mainly to“avoid mentioning the shame”.After the Qin and Han Dynasties,the cultural cognitive value of“avoidance”lies not only in“name”,but also in“shame”.Today,we should correctly understand the Confucian connotation of“avoid mentioning the respectable”and reassess the cultural cognitive value of“avoid mentioning the shame of the respectable”.

关 键 词：为尊者讳 为尊者讳耻 讳名 知耻 文化认知价值 

分 类 号：G02[文化科学]