“如浑水”道与《魏书》“中道”考辨  

Textual Research on“Ruhunshui”Road and“Zhongdao”in Wei Shu

作　　者：刘俊 LIU Jun(West China Frontier Research Institute,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学中国西部边疆研究院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《阴山学刊》2022年第5期16-20,97,共6页Yinshan Academic Journal

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2019TS155)。

摘　　要：“如浑水”道是以“如浑水”流经地为基础,以平城为起点,途经“永固”“旋鸿池”“南池”,直通漠北的交通大道,该道是北魏皇帝巡幸边疆和征伐柔然的重要交通大道,是《魏书》“中道”的一部分。不过,《魏书》“中道”还包括《冀州图》所谓“出五原塞”的“中道”及平城至“泰山”“邹山”等中原地区的交通线路,映衬出北魏以平城为轴心,中原农耕社会、塞北游牧社会兼营的宏阔战略规划与实践。从北魏北部边疆宏观态势看,《魏书》“中道”是北魏主力部队出塞作战的重要交通体系,也是北魏政权经营塞外的依托,《魏书》“中道”将五原与平城这样两个极为重要的交通军事战略节点勾连为一体,应是北魏最高统治集团经营北部边疆国家战略的体现。“Ruhunshui”Road is based on the place where“Ruhunshui”flows through.It takes Pingcheng as the starting point,passes through“Yonggu”,“Xuanhongchi”and“Nanchi”directly to Mobei.It is an important road for the emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty to patrol the frontier and conquer Rouran.It is a part of“Zhongdao”in Weishu.However,the“Zhongdao”in Weishu also includes the“Zhongdao”“out of the Wuyuan fortress”in Jizhoutu,and the transportation routes from Pingcheng to Taishan and Zoushan which reflects the broad strategic practice of Northern Wei Dynasty,namely taking Pingcheng as the axis,the agrarian society of the Central Plains coexists with the northern nomadic society.From the macro situation of the northern frontier of the Northern Wei Dynasty,“Zhongdao”in Weishu is an important transportation system for the main forces of the Northern Wei Dynasty to go out to fight,and also the support for the Northern Wei regime to manage the northern frontier.“Zhongdao”in Weishu connecting Wuyuan and Pingcheng,which are the extremely important transportation and military strategic nodes,should be the embodiment of the strategy of the highest ruling group of the Northern Wei Dynasty to manage the northern frontier.

关 键 词：“如浑水”道 《魏书》“中道” 拓跋珪 拓跋焘 战略节点 

分 类 号：K061[历史地理—历史学]