长沙地区室内热环境及老年人空调使用行为研究  

Research on Indoor Thermal Environment and Air⁃conditioning Use Behaviors of Older People in Changsha

作　　者：闫文昀 李念平[1] 彭晋卿 雷娅平 姜颖 YAN Wenyun;LI Nianping;PENG Jinqing;LEI Yaping;JIANG Ying(Hunan University,Changsha 410082,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第10期51-58,共8页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“基于人体换热的多辐射壁面建筑室内冷负荷特性与能耗优化研究”(51878255)。

摘　　要：本研究以湖南省长沙市某住宅小区为研究对象,从2019年3月开始,对10户家庭20名老者,进行为期一年的现场连续监测来研究老年人空调使用行为。结果表明,整个调研周期内,室内热环境随室外环境产生季节性变化。研究表明夏季住宅环境的不满意率相比于冬季更高。夏季时,人们在卧室和客厅每次使用空调的时长分布相似。冬季情况有所不同,更倾向于长时间使用空调,人们在客厅的时间比在卧室的时间长。不论在夏季还是冬季,主卧和客厅的室内热环境在开启空调前、开启空调后均相近。夏季在室内平均温度为28.5℃左右时开启空调,在26.5℃时关闭空调;冬季开启空调时,主卧和客厅室内平均温度分别为19.1℃和18.2℃,室内温度均上升约3℃后,住户关闭空调。This study,with a residential community in Changsha,Hunan Province as the example,conducted a field study lasting one year from March 2019 to monitor the behaviors of the elderly in using air conditioners.The participants involved 10 households with 20 older respondents.The results showed that the indoor thermal environment changed seasonally with the outdoor environment.The study showed that the dissatisfaction rate in the residential environment in summer was higher than that in winter.The time distributions of the utilization of air conditioners in bedrooms and living rooms were similar in summer.However,people tended to use air conditioners for a long time in winter,and people spent more time in the living room than in the bedroom.Whether in summer or winter,indoor thermal environments of bedrooms and living rooms were similar before and after turning on air conditioners.In summer,indoor mean temperatures at which air conditioners were turned on and off were 28.5℃ and 26.5℃,respectively.In winter,indoor mean temperatures of bedrooms and living rooms at which air conditioners were turned on were 19.1℃ and 18.2℃,respectively.The elderly turned off their air conditioners when the indoor temperature has risen by around 3℃.

关 键 词：老年人 热环境 热舒适 空调使用行为 住宅建筑 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]