2000-2019年河北省鼠疫自然疫源地内洞干蚤分析  

Analysis on the hole-inhabited dry fleas in natural plague foci of Hebei Province from 2000 to 2019

作　　者：刘广[1] 牛艳芬[1] 康东梅 刘合智[1] 陈永明[1] 张懿晖[1] LIU Guang;NIU Yan-fen;KANG Dong-mei;LIU He-zhi;CHEN Yong-ming;ZHANG Yi-hui(Anti-plague Institute of HebeiProvince,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省鼠疫防治所,张家口075000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第11期1047-1049,1053,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省2020年度医学科学研究课题计划(20200810)。

摘　　要：目的分析2000-2019年河北省鼠疫自然疫源地内洞干蚤,了解其分布特征。方法统计2000-2019年河北省康保牧场和照阳河2个鼠疫监测点洞干蚤资料,分析不同年份、不同季节和不同监测点洞干蚤的染蚤率、蚤指数及蚤类构成差异。结果2000-2019年河北省鼠疫自然疫源地共调查鼠洞26511个,获蚤5222只,隶属于4科10属12种,平均染蚤率为7.25%,蚤指数为0.20。2000-2019年优势种方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种构成比为59.38%~87.80%。不同季节洞干染蚤率、蚤指数和蚤类构成均不同,差异有统计学意义(H=26.600、30.346,χ^(2)=189.621,P<0.01),其中春季洞干染蚤率和蚤指数最高,冬季染蚤率和蚤指数最低。康保牧场监测点的洞干染蚤率和蚤指数均高于照阳河监测点。结论查清了2000-2019年河北省鼠疫自然疫源地内洞干蚤的种类、构成、年份和季节消长情况,为今后开展鼠疫监测和灭鼠灭蚤工作提供了科学依据。Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of hole-inhabited dry fleas in natural plague foci of Hebei by understanding the fleas from 2000 to 2019.Methods The data of the hole-inhabited dry fleas in two plague monitoring sites including Kangbao Pasture and Zhaoyang River from 2000 to 2019 were counted,and differences in the infection rate of fleas,flea index and flea composition in varying years,seasons and places were analyzed.Results A total of 26511 rat holes and 5222 fleas categorized to 4 families,10 genera and 12 specie were collected from natural plague foci of Hebei from 2000 to 2019.The average infection rate of flea was 7.25%,and the flea index was 0.20.Citellophilus tesquorum mongolicus,dominant species in Kangbao Pasture and Zhaoyang River from 2000 to 2019,accounted for 59.38%-87.80%.The infection rate of fleas,flea index and flea composition of hole-inhabited dry fleas varied in different seasons(H=26.600,30.346,χ^(2)=189.621,P<0.01).The infection rate of fleas and flea index of the hole-inhabited dry fleas were highest in summer and lowest in winter.The infection rate of fleas and flea index in Kangbao Pasture were higher than those of Zhaoyang River.Conclusion From 2000 to 2019,the species,composition as well as annual and seasonal fluctuation of hole-inhabited dry fleas in natural plague foci of Hebei are clear,providing scientific basis for further plague monitoring and rat&flea eradication.

关 键 词：鼠疫自然疫源地 洞干蚤 蚤指数 染蚤率 季节分布 地点分布 分析 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]