2018-2019年银川市生活饮用水三氯甲烷、四氯化碳监测结果分析  

Analysis on monitoring results of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in drinking water of Yinchuan from 2018 to 2019

作　　者：郭敏[1] 胡皓[1] 张居慧[1] 王乐 高枝叶 王光俊[1] GUO Min;HU Hao;ZHANG Ju-hui;WANG Le;GAO Zhi-ye;WANG Guang-jun(Yinchuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningxia 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]银川市疾病预防控制中心,宁夏750001

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第11期1054-1056,1060,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区财政厅宁夏回族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会关于提前下达2018年重大公共卫生项目(宁财社指标[2017]828号)

摘　　要：目的了解2018-2019年银川市生活饮用水中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳的污染状况,为银川市生活饮用水消毒方法及效果监测提供科学依据。方法采用吹扫捕集气相色谱质谱联用法进行样本检测,根据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB/T 5749—2006)进行评价。结果2018—2019年银川市生活饮用水中三氯甲烷检出率为42.11%,四氯化碳检出率为6.65%,不同年份检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=33.311、12.914,P均<0.05),未检出超过国家限值的样本,合格率为100.00%。三氯甲烷农村水检出率为34.17%、二次供水检出率为85.87%、市政供水检出率为55.56%、自建水厂检出率为27.78%,不同类型饮用水三氯甲烷检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=105.860,P<0.05)。四氯化碳农村水检出率为1.39%、二次供水检出率为36.96%、市政供水检出率为14.20%、自建水厂未检出数据,不同类型饮用水四氯化碳检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=177.433,P<0.05)。银川市金凤区生活饮用水检出率较高,三氯甲烷检出率为63.46%,四氯化碳检出率为21.79%。结论2018—2019年银川市生活饮用水中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳污染较轻,但三氯甲烷检出率较高,并呈现逐年上升趋势,对二次供水的监测管理需要进一步加强。Objective To provide scientific basis for disinfection method and monitoring on effects of drinking water in Yinchuan by analyzing the pollution status of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in the water from 2018 to 2019.Methods Purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to test samples,and the evaluation was implemented in accordance with the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB/T 5749—2006).Results The detection rate of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in the drinking water of Yin chuan from 2018 to 2019 was 42.11%and 6.65%,respectively,and the difference in the detection rate was statistically significant in varying years(χ^(2)=33.311,12.914,all P<0.05).No sample beyond the national limit was detected,and the percent of pass was 100.00%.The detection rate of trichloromethane in the rural water,secondary water supply,municipal water supply and self-built water plant was 34.17%,85.87%,55.56%and 27.78%,respectively,and the difference in the detection rate of trichloromethane in different types of drinking water was statistically significant(χ^(2)=105.860,P<0.05).The detection rate of carbon tetrachloride in the rural water,secondary water supply and municipal water supply was 1.39%,36.96%and 14.20%,respectively,no detection data was available for the self-built water plant,and difference in the detection rate of carbon tetrachloride in different types of drinking water was statistically significant(χ^(2)=177.433,P<0.05).The detection rate of domestic drinking water in Jinfeng District,Yinchuan was high,and such index of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride was 63.46%and 21.79%,respectively.Conclusion Trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride exhibit mild pollution in the drinking water of Yinchuan from 2018 to 2019,the detection rate of trichloromethane is slightly high,and it shows year-by-year rising trend.The monitoring and management of secondary water supply require to be further tigthened.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 三氯甲烷 四氯化碳 消毒副产物 农村水 二次供水 市政供水 检出率 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]