马克思主义视角下的当代国际分工理论:缺失、复归与融合  

Contemporary Theory of International Division of Labor from the Perspective of Marxism: Lack, Reemergence and Fusion

作　　者：李直 刘越 Li Zhi;Liu Yue(School of Economics,Renmin University of China;National Center for Political Economy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]中国人民大学全国中国特色社会主义政治经济学研究中心

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2022年第5期166-187,共22页China Review of Political Economy

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“国际价值链参与方式对劳动收入份额的影响”(项目批准号:20XNF011)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：国际分工是资本积累过程中,资本—劳动关系与资本—资本关系矛盾运动的结果。随着资本主义生产方式的变迁,全球分工格局不断演化,但是相应理论的发展却逐渐缺失了马克思的基本思想。基于马克思主义的新国际劳动分工理论(NIDL)讨论发达国家资本转移的原因,但未涉及资本积累能力差异化问题。脱胎于世界体系理论的全球商品链(GCC)与全球价值链(GVC)理论则完全忽视资本—劳动关系,只描述企业间不对等关系的现象,彻底与其马克思主义传统割裂。全球生产网络(GPN)理论虽复归了资本—劳动关系分析,深入讨论地方性的劳动过程,但也没能充分衔接劳动过程与资本积累,更遑论分析其对国际分工现象的影响。本文指出,调节资本概念对资本再生产条件的分析可以有效地补充资本之间权力分化的分析,而马克思主义国际劳动分工的分析应当充分融合地方性因素塑造的劳动过程、基于地方性再生产条件形成的资本差异化积累能力,以及两者间的辩证关系。International division of labor is the result of the contradictory movement of capital-labor relationship and capital-capital relationship in the process of capital accumulation.With the change of capitalist mode of production, the global division of labor pattern continues to evolve, but the development of corresponding theory gradually lacks Marx’s basic thought.Based on the Marxist new international division of labor theory(NIDL),this paper discusses the reasons for capital transfer in developed countries, but does not involve the differentiation of capital accumulation capacity.The theories of global commodity chain(GCC) and global value chain(GVC),which are derived from the world system theory, completely ignore the capital-labor relationship and only describe the phenomenon of unequal relationship between enterprises, which is completely separated from its Marxist tradition.Although the global production network(GPN) theory reverts to the analysis of capital-labor relationships and deeply discusses the local labor process, it does not fully connect the labor process and capital accumulation, let alone analyzing its impact on the phenomenon of international division of labor.This paper points out that the concept of regulating capital can effectively be used to analyze the bifurcation of power between capitals, and the future development of a Marxian analysis of the dynamics of the international division of labor should combine the labor process formed by local factors, the differentiated capacity of accumulation between capitals based on local conditions of the reproduction of capital, and the dialectical relation between the two.

关 键 词：国际分工 生产关系 全球生产网络 劳动过程 调节资本 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学]