起重机吊钩可靠度标准推估方法  

Standard Estimation Method of Crane Hook Reliability

作　　者：李培峨 董军 LI Pei-e;DONG Jun(Yantai Special Equipment Inspection Institute)

机构地区：[1]烟台市特种设备检验研究院

出　　处：《中国标准化》2022年第20期191-194,共4页China Standardization

摘　　要：吊钩是起重机搬运的重要元件,如吊钩采用过高的安全系数则会造成资源的浪费,反之,采取过低的安全系数则会成为诱发安全事故的诱因。起重机用吊钩使用工作状况和管理存在差异,所以因吊钩断裂而产生的重大事故时有发生。因此正确认识吊钩的安全系数,准确描述吊钩的故障可能度,对吊钩的安全使用,提高吊钩的使用寿命非常重要。本论文通过对吊钩应力(force)、使用磨耗(wear)、安全分析(safety analysis)的分析,将吊钩的强度进行模拟计算,并依据材料的物理性质,参考机械设计手册实验统计资料加以推估分析,在设定的操作条件下,分析出其安全使用可靠度(Reliability),并引用起重机业者实际测试资料检查数据佐证分析结果,再与各种分析方法进行比较后,建立本研究吊钩可靠度标准的推估方法。The hook is an important component of crane handling. If the safety factor of the hook is too high, it will cause a waste of resources. On the contrary, if the safety factor is too low, it will become an incentive to induce safety accidents. There are differences in the working conditions and management of crane hooks, so major accidents due to hook breakage occur from time to time. Therefore, it is very important to correctly understand the safety factor of the hook and accurately describe the probability of failure of the hook, which is very important for the safe use of the hook and the improvement of its service life. In this paper, through the analysis of force, wear and safety analysis, the strength of the hook is simulated and calculated. Based on the physical property of materials, estimation analysis is carried out with a reference to the experimental statistics in the mechanical design manual. Under the set operating conditions, the reliability of its safe use reliability is analyzed, and the actual test data of the crane industry is cited to check the data to corroborate the analysis results, and various analysis methods are compared to establish the method for estimating the hook reliability criteria.

关 键 词：起重机 应力 使用磨耗 吊钩 可靠度 

分 类 号：TH21[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]