基金会捐助法人的政府监管模式与制度完善  

Government Supervision Mode and System Improvement of Foundation Donation Legal Persons

作　　者：李慧敏 Li Hui-min

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海南海口570100

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第11期116-124,186,共10页Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“财产捐赠型慈善法人的监督治理结构研究”(20CFX073)。

摘　　要：《民法典》确立了捐助法人制度,并将捐助法人划分为基金会法人和社会服务类法人两个基本类别。政府监管在维护基金会捐助人的意志、保障捐助财产的公益性质、完善捐助法人的治理结构等方面具有不可替代的作用。预防制与追惩制是政府监管捐助法人的两种典型模式。中国基金会捐助法人宜采取预防制和追惩制相结合的政府监管方式,以兼顾慈善领域的秩序价值和自由价值的共同实现。当前应结合《民法典》规范,对基金会捐助法人在准入许可、章程审查、日常预防检查、捐助财产的政府追踪、解任理事以及行政处罚等制度层面进一步完善。The Civil Code of China establishes a donation legal person system,which divides the donation legal persons into two basic categories:foundation legal persons and social service legal persons.Governmental supervision has an irreplaceable role in maintaining the will of the donors of the foundation,guaranteeing the public welfare nature of the donated property,and improving the governance of the donation legal persons.Preventive system and punitive system are two typical systems of governmental supervision to donation.It is advisable to adopt a combination of preventive and punitive systems for governmental supervision of foundation donation legal persons in order to realize the order value and freedom value of the charity field.At present,it is necessary to further improve the governments’admission permits,charter review,daily preventive inspection,governments’tracking of donated assets,dismissal of directors,and administrative penalties,etc.according to the Civil Code specifications.

关 键 词：基金会法人 政府监管 预防制 追惩制 

分 类 号：D922.114[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]