防污涂层研究及应用新进展  

New Development of the Research and Applications of Antifouling Coatings

作　　者：王池嘉 刘书佩 王子华[1] 罗红欣 WANG Chijia;LIU Shupei;WANG Zihua;LUO Hongxin(Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163000,Heilongjiang,China;State Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学与化工学院,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]天津大学化工学院,化学工程联合国家重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第23期195-202,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(51925403)。

摘　　要：防污涂层具有重要的应用价值,对人们的生产、生活产生了重要影响。传统的防污涂层多以灭藻剂或者有机锡等有毒物质为填料直接添加到涂层中,通过涂层中有毒物质的释放达到防污的目的,但同时对海洋水体造成严重污染。随着国内外对生态环境的日益重视与关注,涂层在防污的同时应该考虑到对水体生态的保护。近年来,科研人员致力于新型环保、长效防污涂层的开发。有些高性能环保防污涂层已经被实际应用,但整个行业尚处于起步阶段,高性能环保仍是防污涂层发展的重要方向。本文综述了防污涂层的核心材料及技术应用研究新进展。一方面,重点介绍了几种可降解环保防污涂层(包括聚氨酯可降解防污涂层、聚己内酯可降解防污涂层以及聚丙烯酸酯可降解防污涂层)的优缺点、发展状况及应用前景;另一方面,介绍了几种先进的环境友好型非降解防污涂层,包括自抛光防污涂层、超疏水防污涂层、超亲水防污涂层、亲疏水转换防污涂层、导电聚合物防污涂层以及仿生防污涂层,并对其适用条件、防污机理、性能及研究进展进行了详细阐述。同时归纳总结了多种防污涂层的制备方法、涂层特点及关键技术难点,分析了环保防污涂层面临的问题并展望其前景。It is generally believed that antifouling coatings have important application value for human production and life. Traditional antifouling coatings mostly use toxic substances such as algaecides or organotin as fillers in coatings. However, the release of toxic substances in the coating achieves the purpose of antifouling, but it also causes serious damage to ocean environment. With the development of society, people are paying more attention to the ecological environment, and the design of coatings needs to take into account the protection of water ecology. In recent years, researchers have focused on new environmentally-friendly, long-life antifouling coatings. Although some high-performance environmental-friendly antifouling coatings have been applied, but the industry of environmental-friendly coatings is still in its infancy, and high-performance environmental-friendly is an important direction for the development of antifouling coatings. In this paper, the new developments and technology applications in the core materials and technology of antifouling coatings is reviewed. On the one hand, some degradable environmentally friendly anti-fouling coatings are focused, including polyurethane degradable antifouling coatings, polycaprolactone degradable antifouling coatings, and pol-yacrylate degradable antifouling coatings. Simultaneously, the advantages, disadvantages, development status and application prospects are demonstrated. In addition, several advanced environmentally friendly non-degradable antifouling coatings are introduced, including self-polishing antifouling coatings, superhydrophobic antifouling coatings, superhydrophilic antifouling coatings, hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion antifouling coatings, conductive polymer antifouling coatings and bionic antifouling coatings, and described the applicable conditions, antifouling mechanism, performance and research progress in the article. The preparation methods, coating characteristics and key technical difficulties of various antifouling coatings are

关 键 词：防污涂层 可降解涂层 仿生防污 超亲水 超疏水 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]