新疆莎车县地下水化学特征及形成机制  

Chemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in Shache County,Xinjiang

作　　者：杨鹏 丁国梁 王振山 吕恒阳 YANG Peng;DING Guo-liang;WANG Zhen-shan;LV Heng-yang(Xinjiang Corps Design Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团设计院(集团)有限责任公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《地下水》2022年第5期42-46,共5页Ground water

摘　　要：基于新疆莎车县范围内53组地下水水质化验成果,采用数理统计、相关性计算、Surfer空间分析、Piper三线图、Gibbs图和氯碱指数分析等方法分析研究莎车县地下水中离子空间分布特征及其来源、影响并控制地下水化学组分的关键性因素。结果表明:主导莎车县地下水的阳离子为Na^(+)、K^(+)和Ca^(2+),阴离子为SO_(4)^(2-)、Cl^(-),主要以高硬度、微咸水、中性水为主。蒸发-浓缩作用是控制地下水水化学组分的主要因素,岩石风化作用和阳离子交替吸附作用对地下水水化学组分的影响较弱。地下水化学类型按舒卡列夫分类法,主要为SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg型、HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Mg型、HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Mg和Cl·SO_(4)-Na·Mg型,水化学类型和矿化度在空间分布上均具有明显的分带规律,由南向北,由近河到远河,地下水化学类型由HCO_(3)-SO_(4)型逐渐向SO_(4)-HCO_(3)型和SO_(4)-Cl型转变,矿化度由南部的小于0.5 g/L沿着地下水的径流方向逐渐增高至2 g/L;垂直于河道方向,由近河地带的0.5~1 g/L,逐渐向远离河道的地带升高至3~5 g/L。Based on 53 sets of data of groundwater quality test resultsin Shache City,XinJiang,mathematical statistics,correlation calculation,Surfer spatial analysis,Piper three-line diagram,Gibbs diagram and chlor-alkali index analysis were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of ions in groundwater in Shache County,their sources,and the key factors that affect and control the chemical composition of groundwater.The results show that the cations that dominate the groundwater in Shache County are Na^(+),K^(+) and Ca^(2+),and the anions are SO_(4)^(2-),Cl^(-),mainly high hardness,brackish wa⁃ter and neutral water.Evaporation-concentration is the main factor controlling the hydro-chemical composition of groundwa⁃ter,while rock weathering and alternating cation adsorption have weak effects on the hydro-chemical composition of groundw⁃ater.According to Shukarev's classification,the chemical types of groundwater are mainly SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg type,HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca·Mg type,HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Mg and Cl·SO_(4)-Na·Mg type.The water chemical type and salinity have obvious zon⁃ing rules in the spatial distribution.From south to north,from near river to far river,the chemical type of groundwater gradually changes from HCO_(3)-SO_(4) type to SO_(4)-HCO_(3) type and SO_(4)-Cl type,and the salinity is less than 0.5 g/L in the south along the runoff direction of groundwater gradually increase to 2 g/L.Perpendicular to the direction of the river,from 0.5 to 1 g/L near the river,it gradually increases to 3 to 5 g/L in the area far from the river.

关 键 词：叶尔羌河流域 莎车县 地下水 水化学特征 形成机制 

分 类 号：P641.12[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]