框剪结构楼房爆破拆除倾倒过程摄影分析  

Photographic Analysis of Dumping Process of Frame-shear Structure Building by Blasting

作　　者：侯云锋 郑长青 李庆 HOU Yun-feng;ZHENG Chang-qing;LI Qing(Zhuhai New Technology Development of Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519000,China;WSGRI Engineering&Surveying Incorporation Limited,Wuhan 430080,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海爆破新技术开发有限公司,珠海519000 [2]中冶武勘工程技术有限公司,武汉430080

出　　处：《爆破》2022年第4期100-107,共8页Blasting

摘　　要：爆破拆除法因具有经济、高效、安全风险低的特点,目前依然是拆除高大建筑物的首选方式。而城镇拆除爆破,由于周边环境复杂,楼房结构形式复杂多样,对施工技术、安全、环保要求的提高,给爆破拆除带来了新的挑战。为了优化爆破方案,目前多从爆破理论和数值模型出发,以正向数值模拟研究为主,而对研究倒塌机理具有重要意义的倒塌过程的分析很少。为探究框剪结构楼房爆破拆除定向倾倒过程的运动和解体规律,结合某一22层框剪结构楼房的爆破拆除,搭建了一套经济适用的照片采集系统,成功拍摄出一组适合于倾倒过程分析的高清连拍照片,采用现有成熟的AutoCAD软件平台并结合二次开发,建立影像分析框架,提取了特定观测点的时空数据信息,经计算分析,绘制了观测点的位移、速度、加速度、瞬时速度、瞬时加速度时程曲线,揭示了框剪结构楼房爆破倾倒振动向下的运动规律,下坠过程中楼体内部结点在高达20 g以上的冲击载荷作用下导致结构破坏的解体机理,拟合了类似框剪结构楼房倾倒过程中楼顶前沿观测点的运动轨迹公式,根据倾倒过程中楼顶前沿点所在高度,可预测倾倒过程中楼顶的水平位移情况,并最终预测楼体的倒塌范围。相关的分析过程、数据成果及倒塌预测模型,可为类似结构楼房爆破倾倒范围预测提供参考。Demolition by blasting is still the first choice for tall buildings due to the characteristics of economy,efficiency and low safety risk.However,the improvement of construction technology,safety and environmental protection requirements has brought new challenges to the demolition of urban blasting because of the complex surrounding environment and complex building structure forms.In order to optimize the blasting scheme,at present,the forward numerical simulation research is mainly based on the blasting theory and numerical model,while the analysis of the collapse process which is of great significance to the study of collapse mechanism is rarely done.To explore the orientation of blasting demolition of frame shear structure building movement and the collapse of the law of the dumping process,combining with a 22 floors frame-shear structure for blasting demolition of buildings,builting a set of economy applicable image acquisition system,successfully taken out a set of suitable for dumping process analysis of high-definition pictures in a row,using the existing mature AutoCAD software platform and combined with secondary development,An image analysis framework is established to extract the spatio-temporal data of a specific observation point.Through calculation and analysis,the time history curves of displacement,velocity,acceleration,instantaneous velocity and instantaneous acceleration of the observation points are drawn,which reveal the downward motion law of the blasting dumping vibration of the frame-shear structure building,and the disintegration mechanism of the structure failure caused by the impact overload of more than 20 g at the internal joints of the building during the falling process.The motion trajectory formula of the observation point on the roof front during the toppling process of a similar frame-shear structure building is fitted.According to the height of the front point of the roof during the toppling process,the horizontal displacement of the roof during the toppling process can be predic

关 键 词：框剪结构 爆破拆除 倾倒过程 摄影分析 数据分析 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]