L型砖混结构楼房异向倾倒爆破拆除  

Blasting Demolition of L-shaped Brick-concrete Structure Building in Different Collapses Directions

作　　者：伍岳 贾永胜 黄小武[1,2] 陈德志 刘昌邦[1,2] 王威 WU Yue;JIA Yong-sheng;HUANG Xiao-wu;CHEN De-zhi;LIU Chang-bang;WANG Wei(State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;Wuhan Explosions&Blasting Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室,武汉430056 [2]武汉爆破有限公司,武汉430056

出　　处：《爆破》2022年第4期108-115,共8页Blasting

基　　金：湖北省自科基金重点项目(创新群体2020CFA043);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCA084)。

摘　　要：针对人工预切割分栋爆破拆除“L”型结构楼房常出现的危险性高、工期长等问题,结合某7层“L”型砖混结构楼房爆破拆除工程,设计了一种“异向倾倒一次性整体爆破拆除”方案;并采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA动力学有限元软件对该方案的可行性进行数值仿真验算,通过分析顶部节点的运动时程曲线和楼房整体失稳倒塌过程,揭示了楼房主要构件的破坏失效机理,并预测了爆破效果。结果表明:通过将楼房分成三个区域进行爆破切口和起爆网路设计,提高转角楼体“类梯形”爆破切口高度,使得楼房在转角处被自动分割成两部分,北侧楼体向北定向倾倒、南侧楼体向西定向倾倒,触地充分解体。楼房实际爆破切口的形成和闭合、结构倒塌过程、塌落范围与形态等与数值模拟结果基本一致,实际爆破效果良好,倒塌解体时间历程约7 s,倾倒反方向无后坐现象,爆堆整体高度约8.9 m,转角处爆堆向东塌散约2.1 m,结合数值模拟结果给出的加强防护措施等建议,有效控制了爆破有害效应,确保了东侧保护目标的安全。Aiming at the problems of high risk and long construction period in demolishing a L-shaped building by manual pre-cutting and separate blasting,a one-time overall blasting demolition scheme with different collapse directions was designed for a 7-story L-shaped brick-concrete structure building.ANSYS/LS-DYNA dynamic finite element software was used to carry out numerical simulation for checking on the feasibility of the scheme.The failure mechanism of the main components of the building was revealed by analyzing the motion time-history curve of the top nodal points and the whole building′s collapse process,and the blasting effect was predicted.By dividing the building into three areas,designing the blasting incisions and the initiation network,and raising the height of the approximately trapezoidal blasting cut,the building was automatically divided into two parts at the corner.The north side of the building collapsed northward,and the south side of the building toppled westward,which made the building fully disintegrated upon touching the ground.The formation and closure of the actual blasting cut,the collapse process of the structure,the collapse range and shape of the building were basically consistent with the numerical simulation results,which means a good actual blasting effect.The time of collapse and disintegration was about 7 s.There was no recoil phenomenon in the reverse direction of collapse.The overall height of the blasting pile was about 8.9 m,and the blasting pile at the corner collapsed to the east about 2.1 m.Combined with the numerical simulation results,the suggestions of protection measures were presented to control the harmful effects of blasting and ensure the safety of the east protection target.

关 键 词：砖混结构楼房 爆破拆除 数值模拟 爆破效果 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]