高压气体爆破与炸药爆破振动试验研究  

Comparison Analysis on High-Pressure Gas Cracking and Explosive Blasting Vibration

作　　者：褚怀保[1] 余梦飞 严少洋 王昌 孙博[1] CHU Huai-bao;YU Meng-fei;YAN Shao-yang;WANG Chang;SUN Bo(School of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学土木工程学院,焦作454000

出　　处：《爆破》2022年第4期177-185,共9页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874123)。

摘　　要：为探究高压气体爆破与炸药爆破振动特征差异,根据压缩气体与水蒸气容器爆破能量法建立了不同气体压力与炸药的当量关系,设计开展了模拟岩体高压气体爆破与炸药爆破振动试验。基于试验结果对2种爆破振动持续时间和振动速度进行了分析,并利用小波包变换技术对2种振动信号能量在频域上的分布规律进行了对比分析。试验结果表明:高压气体爆破振动持续时间远大于炸药爆破振动持续时间,2种爆破振动持续时间均随着距离的增大而减小;且高压气体爆破振动持续时间随着爆压的增大而减小,但炸药爆破振动持续时间随当量大增大而增大。高压气体爆破振动速度远小于炸药爆破,但随着距离的增大,2种爆破振动的峰值趋于接近,且高压气体爆破振动速度较炸药爆破振动速度衰减缓慢。随着距离的增大,高压气体爆破与炸药爆破振动信号主频带向低频转移并且主频带所占能量比例逐渐降低;与炸药爆破相比,高压气体爆破振动信号属于更加低窄频的信号、能量在频域上更集中、主频带能量占比较高。In order to explore the difference of vibration characteristics between high-pressure gas cracking and explosive blasting.The equivalent relationship between different gas pressure and explosive was established according to the blasting energy method of compressed gas and water vapor vessel,and the vibration test of high pressure gas blasting and explosive blasting in rock mass was designed and carried out.Based on the test results,the duration and vibration velocity of the 2 types of blast vibration were analyzed,and the wavelet packet transform technique was used to compare the distribution pattern of the energy of the 2 vibration signals in the frequency domain.The results show that the vibration duration of high-pressure gas cracking is much longer than that of explosive blasting,and the duration of both blasting vibrations decreases with the increase of distance.High-pressure gas blasting vibration duration decreases with the increase in burst pressure,but the duration of explosive blasting vibration increases with the large increase in mass.The peak vibration velocity of high-pressure gas cracking is smaller than the explosives blasting,but with the increase of distance,the peak value of 2 kinds of blasting vibration tends to be close,and high-pressure gas cracking vibration velocity than explosive blasting decay slowly.The main frequency bands of the two blast vibration signals shift to lower frequencies as the distance increases,and the proportion of energy in the main frequency band gradually decreases.Compared to explosive blasting,high-pressure gas cracking vibration signals are much lower and narrower in frequency,more concentrated in the frequency domain,and have a higher percentage of energy in the main frequency band.

关 键 词：高压气体爆破 振动 持续时间 小波包 能量分布 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]