上海市地铁站公共区域空气质量抽样监测  

Air quality monitoring and correlation analysis in public areas of three subway stations in Shanghai

作　　者：刘永萍 张莉君 苏瑾[3] LIU Yongping;ZHANG Lijun;SU Jin(School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Institute of Public Service and Health Safety Evaluation,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China;Institute of Health Hazard Monitoring and Control,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心公共服务与健康安全评价所,上海200336 [3]上海市疾病预防控制中心健康危害因素监测与控制所,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2022年第10期1007-1013,共7页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海申通地铁集团技术研究课题计划(JS-KY22R004)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解上海市3座地下地铁站空气质量、污染物间的相关性及其影响因素,为改善轨交环境空气质量、提升管控措施提供参考。【方法】2021年夏季、秋季、冬季对上海市地铁9号线3个地下车站站厅、站台、车厢及新风井处空气质量进行监测,指标包括温度、相对湿度、风速、CO_(2)、PM_(1)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、空气细菌总数、空气真菌总数及客流量。采用相关性和多元回归分析探讨污染物指标与环境指标的联系。【结果】3个车站空气相对湿度不符合国家卫生标准(GB 37488—2019),超标率为66.7%;个别车站秋、冬季PM_(10 )检测指标不符合国家卫生标准,超标率为20.6%,其余指标基本符合国家卫生标准。在空间上,车厢CO_(2)、风速高于车站其他区域;新风井颗粒物含量、空气真菌总数较其他区域高。在季节上,冬季颗粒物含量较夏季、秋季高,而微生物指标则表现为夏季高于秋季、冬季。由相关和多元回归分析可知,地铁站卫生指标受环境温度、相对湿度、季节及监测区域因素影响较为显著,而采样时间对各卫生指标值无显著影响。【结论】本次调查的3个车站空气质量总体符合国家卫生标准要求。地铁站空气污染物变化表现出明显的时空特征,客流量、温湿度、采样区域是影响颗粒物含量和空气微生物水平的重要因素,在制定相应防护策略时需综合考虑以上因素。[Objective]To understand the correlation between air quality and pollutants in three underground subway stations in Shanghai and their influencing factors,in order to provide a reference for improving the ambient air quality of rail transit and enhancing control measures.[Methods]Air quality was monitored in summer,autumn,and winter of 2021 at the halls,platforms,carriages and fresh air wells of three underground stations of Shanghai metro line 9,with indicators including temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,CO_(2),PM_(1),PM_(2.5),PM_(10),total airborne bacteria,total airborne fungi,and passenger flow.Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to explore the association between pollutant indicators and environmental indicators.[Results]The relative humidity of air at three stations did not meet the national health standards(GB 37488‒2019),with an exceedance rate of 66.7%;the PM_(10) detection index at individual stations in autumn and winter did not meet the national health standards(GB 37488‒2019),with an exceedance rate of 20.6%,while the rest of the indexes basically met the requirements of the standards.Spatially,the CO_(2) and wind speed in the carriage were higher than in other areas of the station;the concentration of particulate matter in the fresh air well and the total number of airborne fungi were higher than in other areas.Seasonally,the concentration of particulate matter was higher in winter than in summer and autumn,while the microbial indexes were higher in summer than in autumn and winter.The correlation and regression analysis showed that the passenger flow was significantly and positively correlated with the CO_(2) concentration;the temperature and humidity were significantly and negatively correlated with the particulate matter concentration and positively correlated with the microbial index.The correlation and multiple regression analysis showed that the subway station health indicators were significantly affected by the ambient temperature,humidity,seasonal and m

关 键 词：地铁 空气质量 相关分析 多元回归分析 

分 类 号：R128[医药卫生—环境卫生学]