新型P、N协效阻燃剂的制备及其在PA66中的应用  

Preparation of new P-N synergistic flame retardant and its application in PA66

作　　者：王益文 周杰睿 冯新星 张华鹏[1] WANG Yiwen;ZHOU Jierui;FENG Xinxing;ZHANG Huapeng(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Institute of Military Engineering,Institute of Systems Engineering,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学浙江省纤维材料和加工技术研究重点实验室,杭州310018 [2]军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期806-813,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52003242)。

摘　　要：为获得适用于聚酰胺66(PA66)的协效型阻燃剂,以植酸(Phytic acid, PA)和三聚氰胺(Melamine, MEL)为原料,采用超分子自组装法制备一种P、N协效型阻燃剂三聚氰胺植酸盐(Melamine-phytate, MPA),再将MPA与PA66熔融共混制备成复合材料,通过垂直燃烧仪、极限氧指数仪、锥形量热仪、电子万能试验机等对其阻燃性能、力学性能进行表征,并提出该阻燃剂可能的阻燃机理。结果表明:MPA可提升PA66的阻燃性能,当PA66/MPA复合材料中MPA质量分数达到8%时,垂直燃烧等级达到UL94 V-0级,极限氧指数大于27%,热释放速率峰值和烟雾释放总量显著降低;随着阻燃剂MPA含量的提升,PA66/MPA复合材料的力学性能有所下降,当MPA质量分数达到8%时,拉伸强度与断裂伸长率分别下降27.4%和24.1%;MPA可能的阻燃机理为P、N协效阻燃,二者同时在凝聚相和气相发挥作用,从而提升PA66的阻燃性能。该结果可为工程应用中协效化阻燃PA66的制备提供一定参考。In order to obtain a synergistic flame retardant suitable for polyamide 66(PA66), a P-N synergistic flame retardant, melamine phytate(MPA) was prepared by means of supramolecular self-assembly, with phytic acid(PA) and melamine(MEL) as raw materials. Then MPA and PA66 were fabricated into composite materials by means of melt blending. Their flame retardancy and mechanical properties were characterized by vertical combustion tester, limiting oxygen index meter, cone calorimeter, and electronic universal testing machine, etc. Finally, we put forward the possible flame retardant mechanism of the proposed flame retardant. The results indicated that: MPA can elevate the flame retardancy of PA66, and when the mass fraction of MPA in the PA66/MPA composite reached 8%, the vertical combustion reached UL94 V-0, the limiting oxygen index was greater than 27%, and the peak heat release rate and total smoke emission significantly fell. With the rise of MPA content in the flame retardant, the mechanical properties of the PA66/MPA composite decreased. When the mass fraction of MPA was up to 8%, the tensile strength and elongation at break fell by 27.4% and 24.1% respectively. The possible flame retardant mechanism of MPA was the synergistic flame retardancy of P and N, both of which played a role in the condensed phase and the gas phase simultaneously, thereby improving the flame retardancy of PA66. These results can provide a certain reference for the preparation of the synergistic flame retardant PA66 in engineering applications.

关 键 词：植酸 自组装法 阻燃剂 PA66 复合材料 协效阻燃 

分 类 号：TS195.644[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]