《国家基本药物目录》《WHO儿童基本药物目录》和其他国家基本药物目录中抗变态反应药物比较分析  

Comparison of Anti-Allergic Drugs in National Essential Medicines List,World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines for Children and Other National Essential Medicines Lists

作　　者：任美娟 刘璐 高丽 闫美兴 Ren Meijuan;Liu Lu;Gao Li;Yan Meixing(Ocean University of China,Shandong Qingdao 266000,China;Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital,Shandong Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266000 [2]青岛市妇女儿童医院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2022年第11期9-14,共6页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:比较我国《国家基本药物目录》(NEML)、《世界卫生组织儿童基本药物目录》(WHO-EMLc)和其他19个国家基本药物目录中抗变态反应药物的差异,为进一步完善我国基本药物目录提供参考。方法:检索WHO官网,收集各国基本药物目录。通过Excel分析工具,比较抗变态反应药物种类、数量、剂型、规格等差异,探讨基本药物对儿童的适宜性,总结收录的抗变态反应药物在我国的上市情况。结果:NEML与WHO-EMLc中相同的抗变态反应药物为氯雷他定。与NEML比较,WHO-EMLc和其他19国目录中抗变态反应药物增加了适合儿童使用的口服溶液剂,且部分国家注明了氯苯那敏和西替利嗪药物的年龄限制。各目录中收录的抗变态反应药物在我国上市剂型主要为普通片剂,适合儿童使用的颗粒剂、糖浆剂等特殊剂型虽有上市,但生产厂家较少。结论:以NEML与WHO-EMLc为基础,借鉴瑞典、马来西亚、马尔代夫等国家的经验,建议适当增加适宜儿童使用的第二代抗组胺药物剂型和规格,保障儿童临床用药的安全有效,完善国家基本药物目录。Objective:To compare the differences of anti-allergic drugs in National Essential Medicines List(NEML),World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines for Children(WHO-EMLc)and other 19 national essential medicines lists,so as to provide reference for further improving the essential medicines list of China.Methods:WHO official website was searched to collect essential medicines list in different countries.Through Excel analysis,differences in the types,quantities,dosage forms and specifications of anti-allergic drugs were compared,the suitability of essential medicines for children was discussed,and the listing of anti-allergic drugs in China was summarized.Results:Loratadine was the same anti-allergic drug in WHO-EMLc and NEML.Compared with NEML,WHO-EMLc and other 19 national essential medicines lists added the oral solution in children,and some countries indicated the age limit of chlorpheniramine and cetirizine.The dosage forms of anti-allergic drugs included in the lists were mainly ordinary tablets.Granules,syrups for children and other special formulations were listed,yet there were few manufacturers.Conclusion:Based on NEML and WHO-EMLc,and drawing on the experience of Sweden,Malaysia,Maldives and other countries,it is recommended to appropriately increase the dosage forms and specifications of second-generation antihistamines suitable for children,so as to to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical use in children and improve the national essential medicines list.

关 键 词：基本药物 基本药物目录 抗变态反应药物 儿童 适宜性 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]