基于生理指标的棉花耐高温品种筛选及与根系表型关系分析  

Selection of high-temperature-resistant cotton cultivars based on physiological indexes and analysis of their relationship with root phenotypes

作　　者：司鹏 刘连涛[1] 孙红春[1] 张科 白志英[2] 李存东[1] 张永江[1] SI Peng;LIU Liantao;SUN Hongchun;ZHANG Ke;BAI Zhiying;LI Cundong;ZHANG Yongjiang(College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Control of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China;College of Life Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院/省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/河北省作物生长调控重点实验室,保定071000 [2]河北农业大学生命科学学院,保定071000

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第12期1949-1958,共10页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2022204158)资助。

摘　　要：近年来黄河流域棉区高温频发,已成为限制棉花生长发育的重要非生物胁迫因素之一。目前不同棉花品种响应高温的特性,尤其是根系表型差异尚不明确。本试验选择该棉区15个主栽棉花品种,于六叶期在人工气候室设置对照(昼夜25℃/25℃)和高温(昼夜35℃/30℃)处理,处理1周后测定功能叶片光合性能指标及根长、根表面积等根系表型指标。结果表明,高温胁迫下棉花叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))和叶绿素含量(SPAD值)均降低;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,可溶性糖含量和相对电导率均升高。利用主成分分析将10个指标整合为2个综合指标,得到不同品种的耐热系数和品种得分,聚类分析筛选出3个耐高温品种:‘硕丰1号’‘国欣9号’和‘鲁棉研28’,及5个不耐高温品种:‘石抗126’‘邯无216’‘国欣4号’‘沧棉268’和‘农大601’。进一步将高温与对照的棉花根系表型指标比值与耐高温品种得分进行相关性分析,根长、根表面积、根体积和根平均直径的相关系数分别为0.766(P<0.01)、0.659(P<0.01)、0.628(P<0.05)和0.501(P>0.05),表明耐高温能力强的品种在受到高温胁迫后,根系表型指标值降低的幅度较小;此外研究也表明,根长、根表面积和根体积也可以作为棉花耐高温筛选的指标。In recent years,high temperatures have become an important abiotic stress factor that limits the growth and development of cotton in the Yellow River basin.The characteristics of different cotton cultivars in response to high temperatures,especially differences in root phenotypes,remain unclear.In this study,15 cotton cultivars commonly cultivated in the Yellow River basin were cultured to the six-leaf stage in an artificial climate chamber under normal conditions(25℃day/25℃night),followed by treatments with control(25℃day/25℃night)and high(35℃day/30℃night)temperatures.Seven days later,10 physiological indicators,including gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,antioxidant system enzymes,and root phenotypic parameters,such as root length,root surface area,root volume,and average root diameter,were measured.The results showed that,compared with the control,for all cultivars,values of net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,PSⅡmaximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)),and relative chlorophyll content(SPAD)generally decreased after high-temperature treatment;while activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),soluble sugar content,and relative conductivity increased.Ten indicators were integrated into two comprehensive indicators,and the high-temperature resistance coefficient and cultivar score for each cultivar were obtained using principal component analysis.Three high-temperature-resistant cultivars,‘Shuofeng 1’‘Guoxin 9’and‘Lumianyan 28’;and five high-temperature-sensitive cultivars,‘Shikang 126’‘Hanwu 216’‘Guoxin 4’‘Cangmian 268’and‘Nongda 601’,were screened out via cluster analysis.The correlation between the ratio of high temperature to control of root phenotypic indicators and the high-temperature tolerance score of high-temperature-resistant cultivars was further analyzed.The correlation coefficients of root length,root surface area,root volume,and mean root diameter were 0.766(P<0.01),

关 键 词：耐热性 棉花 根系表型 黄河流域棉区 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]