绝缘材料表面污秽颗粒积聚规律研究  

Study on Accumulation of Contamination Particles on Surface of Insulating Materials

作　　者：范超[1,2] 张血琴 郭裕钧 李春茂 刘毅杰[1] 吴广宁 FAN Chao;ZHANG Xueqin;GUO Yujun;LI Chunmao;LIU Yijie;WU Guangning(School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;China Energy Engineering Group Hunan Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,成都611756 [2]中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司,长沙410007

出　　处：《高压电器》2022年第11期212-220,共9页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家电网公司总部科技项目(521104190007)。

摘　　要：绝缘材料表面污秽颗粒积聚规律的不同会引起绝缘材料表面闪络电压的不同,从而对输电线路的安全运行造成影响。为了研究材料表面污秽颗粒积聚规律,文中利用人工气雾室,通过改变电极两端电压及环境相对湿度,对硅橡胶和钢化玻璃两种绝缘片进行人工积污试验,分析了材料类型、环境湿度、施加电压对污秽颗粒积聚速率、颗粒粒径、积污量等的影响。结果表明材料、电场以及环境湿度对表面污秽颗粒积聚均有影响:环境湿度对于绝缘材料表面污秽颗粒积聚效应的影响主要在污秽粒径大小及积污总量上;而电场强度不仅对绝缘材料表面污秽颗粒的粒径大小及积污总量上有影响,而且在污秽颗粒积聚速率上也有影响。同时通过理论分析,发现湿度对材料表面积污的影响主要是由污秽颗粒表面水膜附着程度以及材料亲水性能决定,而电场材料对表面积污的影响主要由材料电荷存储能力、污秽颗粒极化作用和电凝并效应共同决定。Different accumulation of contamination particles on the surface of insulating materials will cause differ⁃ent flash⁃over voltages on the surface of insulating materials,thus affecting safe operation of transmission lines.In or⁃der to study the accumulation of contamination particles on the surface of materials,the artificial contamination test on such two kinds of insulating sheets as silicone rubber and tempered glass is performed by the use of artificial aero⁃sol chamber and by way of changing the voltage on both sides of electrode and the ambient relative humidity.The in⁃fluence of type of material,ambient humidity and applied voltage on the accumulation rate of contaminated particles,particle size and amount of contamination is analyzed.The results show that materials,electric fields and ambient hu⁃midity have an influence on the accumulation of surface contamination particles.The influence of ambient humidity on the accumulation effect of contamination particles on the surface of insulating materials is mainly in the size of the contamination particles and the total amount of contamination;While,the electric field strength not only affects the particle size and total amount of contamination particles on the surface of the insulating material,but also affects the accumulation rate of the contamination particles.At the same time,it is found through theoretical analysis that the in⁃fluence of humidity on the surface contamination of the material is mainly determined by the degree of water film ad⁃hesion on the surface of the contamination particles and the hydrophilic property of the material.However,the influ⁃ence of the electric field material on the surface contamination is mainly determined jointly by the charge storage abil⁃ity of the material,the polarization of the contamination particles and the effect of electric coagulation and effect.

关 键 词：绝缘材料 污秽颗粒积聚 电场强度 环境相对湿度 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM75[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]