行政限制从业的角色定位、实效保障与体系协调  

Role Orientation, Effectiveness Guarantee and System Coordination of Employment Restriction by Administration

作　　者：马迅 MA Xun(Institution of Inner-party Laws and Regulations,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学党内法规研究中心,上海200042

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2022年第6期139-148,共10页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金青年项目“行政法视野下公共惩罚结构失衡之调适研究”(项目编号:21CFX064)。

摘　　要：限制从业是一种对公民职业自由的法律限制,在公共惩罚体系中呈现出多种实践样态。作为行为罚的重要表现形式之一,行政限制从业成为《行政处罚法》修订的一大亮点。立足过程性思维,行政限制从业的实效性保障应从注重立法设计的精细化、彰显程序控制的正义观和增强执行监督的严密性三个维度出发,创设和落实相应的配套制度举措。出于衔接协调的考量,行政限制从业存在压缩刑事职业禁止规制空间的隐忧,应明确两者在公共风险控制中的优先和补足关系,规范竞合时根据违法和犯罪事由的同一性与否分别作出处理。Employment restriction is a legal restriction on citizens’ professional freedom, which presents a variety of practical forms in the public punishment system. As one of the important forms of behavior punishment, employment restriction by administration has become a highlight in the revision of the administrative punishment law. Based on the procedural thinking, the effectiveness guarantee of employment restriction by administration should create and implement corresponding supporting system measures from three dimensions: paying attention to the refinement of legislative design, highlighting the justice concept of procedural control and enhancing the strictness of implementation supervision. For the consideration of law application and system coordination, there is a potential problem that employment restriction by administration will reduce the regulation space of criminal occupational prohibition. The priority and complementary relationship between the two in public risk control should be clarified. When overlapping, we should deal with them separately according to whether they are identical or not.

关 键 词：行政限制从业 行为罚 实效性 刑事职业禁止 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]