机车齿轮箱齿根裂纹故障特征提取方法研究  

Research on Fault Feature Extraction Method of Tooth Root Crack of Locomotive Gearbox

作　　者：刘新厂 孙琦[2] 蔺渝鸿 LIU Xinchang;SUN Qi;LIN Yuhong(School of Automobile and Transportation,Chengdu Technological University,Chengdu 611730,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]成都工业学院汽车与交通学院,成都611730 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2022年第6期124-129,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：轨道交通运维技术与装备四川省重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目(2020YW003);四川省自然科学基金面上资助项目(2022NSFSC0395);成都工业学院引进人才科研启动资助项目(2021RC003);四川省大学生创新创业资助项目(S202111116048)。

摘　　要：齿轮箱是机车传动系统的重要部件。诊断齿轮箱齿根裂纹故障有助于减少或者避免列车运行事故。基于图傅里叶变换方法对齿轮箱传动系统齿根裂纹进行故障诊断时,由于受到高斯白噪声的影响,处理后故障特征频率不够明显。提出一种基于复Morlet小波梳状滤波器以及图谱理论相结合的齿轮箱传动系统齿根裂纹故障诊断方法。首先,通过复Morlet小波簇梳状滤波器对含有齿轮箱齿根裂纹故障信息的信号进行滤波以及包络解调处理;然后,通过图谱傅里叶变换方法将信号中含有的冲击分量集中到图谱域的高阶区域,从而提取出信号中所含有的冲击成分,可为齿轮箱齿根裂纹故障诊断提供有力依据。通过运用所提出方法对含有齿根裂纹的机车齿轮箱振动信号进行分析,证明了其有效性。The gears in gearbox are important components of locomotive transmission systems.The fault diagnosis of tooth root cracks of gears in the gearbox can reduce or avoid train running accident.In the process of tooth root crack fault diagnosis of gearbox transmission system based on graph Fourier transform method,the fault characteristic frequency is not obvious due to the influence of Gaussian white noise.In this paper,a fault diagnosis method based on complex Morlet wavelet comb filter and graph Fourier transform theory is proposed.Firstly,the complex Morlet wavelet comb filter is used to filter and demodulate the fault signal containing the tooth root crack of the gear.Then,the impact components in the signal are collected and input into the high-order region of the spectrum domain through the graph Fourier transform method.Finally,the impact components in the signal can be extracted,which provides a strong basis for the diagnosis of the tooth root crack of the gear.The proposed method is used to analyze the vibration signal of locomotive gearbox with tooth root crack,and the effectiveness of the method is proved.

关 键 词：故障诊断 机车齿轮箱 齿根 裂纹 复Morlet小波簇梳状滤波器 图谱理论 

分 类 号：U264.4[机械工程—车辆工程]