晋产黄芩资源征集评价及品系鉴选  

Resource Collection,Evaluation,and Strain Identification of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Shanxi Province

作　　者：郭淑红 田洪岭 张丽君[2] 王秋宝 左宪强 GUO Shuhong;TIAN Hongling;ZHANG Lijun;WANG Qiubao;ZUO Xianqiang(Institute of Industrial Crops,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学经济作物研究所,山西太原030031 [2]山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2022年第12期1631-1637,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家中药材产业技术体系浑源综合试验站(CARS-21);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(2021-11);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC056)。

摘　　要：为了选育优质高产、适应性广和抗逆性强的黄芩新品种,以山西省境内征集的6份黄芩农家种和2份黄芩野生种为研究材料,对黄芩植株地上部性状与地下部鲜根农艺性状进行鉴定评价,并采用系统选择法选育适合大面积人工栽培的黄芩新品种。结果表明,8份黄芩材料在汾阳地区均引种成功,完成从种植到种子及药材采收的生产全过程;其中,来源于侯马市上马办卫家庄HQHM-04生长状态最佳;根据8份黄芩资源的地上植株性状和地下鲜根的农艺性状,筛选得到5个黄芩新品系。随着植株生长年限的增加,品系间在叶型、叶色的区别逐渐减小,但在株高、茎粗、主枝个数等指标上有明显区别,2年生黄芩品系在10月底株高最大相差12 cm,茎粗最大相差0.32 cm,主枝数最大相差4.36个;与市场上种植面积最大的甘肃黄芩(对照)进行比较,HQHM-04得到的品系P4病情指数最低,鲜根外观性状最优,根部产量增产效果明显,平均产量为14562 kg/hm^(2),黄芩苷含量为14.78%,各项指标均优于对照,且远高于对照;将品系P4命名为汾选1号,主根粗壮,适应性强,抗性好,综合经济效益高,可作为农家种的替代品进行繁育。In order to breed a new variety of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi with high quality,high yield,wide adaptability,and strong resistance,in this study,6 farm species and 2 wild species of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi collected in Shanxi province were used as research materials to identify and evaluate the above ground and fresh underground root agronomic traits of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,and systematic selection method was used to breed new varieties of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi suitable for large-scale artificial cultivation.The results showed that 8 Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi materials were introduced successfully in Fenyang area,and completed the whole growth process from planting to seed and root collection.HQHM-04 from Weijiazhuang village of Shangma subdistrict in Houma city had the best growth state.Five new strains of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were obtained according to the above ground plant traits and the agronomic traits of fresh underground roots of eight Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi resources.The difference in leaf type and colour between the lines gradually decreased with the plants grew older,but there were obvious differences in plant height,stem thickness and number of main branches.The maximum difference in plant height between the biennial Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi lines at the end of October was 12 cm,the maximum difference in stem diameter was 0.32 cm,and the maximum difference in the number of main branches was 4.36.The strain P4 obtained from HQHM-04,compared with Gansu Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(CK)which had the largest planting area in the market,had the lowest disease index,the best fresh root appearance traits,and obvious root yield increase effect,its average yield was equivalent to 14562 kg/ha and the baicalin content was 14.78%.Its each index was better than that in the CK,and much higher than that in the CK.The P4 strain was named Fenxuan 1,it had robust main root,strong adaptability,excellent resistance,and high comprehensive economic benefits,so it

关 键 词：黄芩 种质资源 评价 筛选 品系鉴选 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]