Ontogenetic niche specialization of the spider crab Libinia ferreirae associated with the medusa Lychnorhiza lucerna  

作　　者：Geslaine Rafaela Lemos Gonçalves Milena Regina Wolf Mariana Antunes Felipe Wanderley Amorim Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo Antonio Leão Castilho 

机构地区：[1]Group of Studies on Crustacean Biology,Ecology and Culture-NEBECC,Biosciences Institute,São Paulo State University,Botucatu,SP 18618-689,Brazil and [2]Laboratory of Pollination Ecology and Interactions-LEPI,Biosciences Institute,São Paulo State University,Botucatu,SP 18618-689,Brazil

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2022年第5期549-559,共11页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：“Fundação de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de São Paulo”(Biota/FAPESP 2010/50188-8 and Scholarship process 2014/13770-1,2018/01659-0,and 2019/00105-3);“Centro de Apoio Profissionalizante Educacional e Social”(CAPES CIMAR)(#23038.004310/2014-85);to“Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico”(CNPq)Research Scholarships PQ#303371/2011-0 to M.L.N.F.and#308653/2014-9 to A.L.C.

摘　　要：Symbiotic relationships in marine environments are not fixed and can change throughout the animal’s life.This study investigated the ontogeny of symbiosis of the spider crab Libinia ferreirae with the host medusa Lychnorhiza lucerna.We described the type of relationship,the temporal correlation among species,and food habits.More than 50%of the sampled crabs were symbionts,most in early life stages.The highest number of crabs found in a single medusa was 11.Symbiosis was observed throughout most of the year but was more evident in warm periods.The crab has many benefits in this relationship with a medusa.One is the use of food resources captured by the medusa,primarily copepods.Because the crab steals the medusa’s food,it is a kleptoparasitic relationship.There is a niche partition between symbiont and the free-living crabs as they occupy different habitats and use nonoverlapping food resources.Previous research reported that symbiosis first developed during the crab’s last larval phase(megalopa)when crab and medusa are in the same habitat.Observation of the crab’s behavior shows that symbiosis occurs when the crab can grab to the medusa when the host touches the sea bottom.The crab also took advantage of water currents,releasing itself from the substrate and then drifting toward the medusa.The symbiotic relationship that crabs have with the medusa provides then with a nursery,food resources,shelter,dispersion,and decreased competition with free-living adult crabs,all essential for the crab’s survival.

关 键 词：behavior development KLEPTOPARASITISM MEGALOPA niche segregation 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]