考虑行波波速衰减及波头时间误差的复杂输电网故障精准定位  

Precise Location of Complex Power Grid Faults Considering Velocity Attenuation and Time Error of Traveling Waves

作　　者：梁睿[1] 王全金 孔令昌 彭楠[1] 王子龙[1] 黄宏旭 LIANG Rui;WANG Quanjin;KONG Lingchang;PENG Nan;WANG Zilong;HUANG Hongxu(School of Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学电气工程学院,江苏省徐州市221116

出　　处：《电网技术》2022年第11期4512-4523,共12页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52077215);国家自然科学基金重点项目(62133015);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20201348)。

摘　　要：现有行波故障定位方法精度受同步误差、采样精度及波速衰减影响。针对以上问题,基于行波传输规律,建立波速、时间与距离的等式约束;分析波头时间误差范围及波速衰减规律,引入平均波速变量,形成不等式约束;以波头时间与波头形态中心的偏离度最小为目标,建立行波故障定位模型。对于复杂电网中环网导致的行波传输路径不唯一问题,引入最短路径临界标志变量,构建故障点到量测点的最短距离函数,避免复杂的解网运算。在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建IEEE30节点输电网模型进行故障仿真,计算结果表明该定位模型能够有效减小同步误差、采样精度及波速衰减的影响,能够对异常数据进行识别,实现复杂电网下故障的快速、准确、可靠定位。The accuracy of the existing traveling wave based fault location method is affected by the synchronization errors, the sampling accuracy and the velocity attenuation. The equation constraints between the wave speed, the time, and the distance is established based on the traveling wave transmission laws. By analyzing the time error ranges and the wave velocity attenuation laws, the inequality constraints are formed via introducing the average wave velocity variable.Taking the minimum deviation between the wave head time and the shape center of the wave head as the objective function,a traveling wave fault location model is established. For the non-unique traveling wave transmission paths caused by the ring network in the complex power grid, the shortest path variable is introduced to construct the shortest distance function, avoiding the complex network solving operations. An IEEE30 transmission network model for fault simulation is build in the PSCAD/EMTDC. The results show that this method effectively reduces the influences of the synchronization errors, sampling accuracy and wave velocity attenuation. It can identify the abnormal data and locate the faults quickly, accurately and reliably in complex power grids.

关 键 词：复杂电网 波速衰减 时间误差 故障定位 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]