pH对水培益母草水苏碱生物合成影响的生理机制研究  

Effects of pH value on stachydrine biosynthesis of hydroponic Leonurus japonicus and its physiological mechanism

作　　者：张燕[1] 崔欣萍 王文全[2,3] 侯俊玲[2] 闫滨滨 ZHANG Yan;CUI Xin-ping;WANG Wen-quan;HOU Jun-ling;YAN Bin-bin(National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京100700 [2]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2022年第20期5502-5507,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目(ZYYCXTD-D-202005);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)。

摘　　要：探究不同pH处理对益母草生长、生理特性及有效成分水苏碱生物合成影响的生理机制,为益母草的栽培和质量调控提供参考。在水培条件下设置不同梯度的pH处理(pH 5、6、7、8),然后监测其生长、生理、水苏碱和总生物碱含量,及水苏碱生物合成途径中关键中间产物(丙酮酸、α-酮戊二酸及谷氨酸、鸟氨酸)的含量变化,探讨pH对益母草生长和活性成分的影响生理机制。结果表明益母草在pH 5~8能够正常生长,中性偏酸的pH处理下更有利于益母草叶片的光合色素积累,可溶性蛋白增加,从而促进其生长和产量的提高。但是由于益母草中水苏碱是含氮吡咯烷类生物碱,其合成过程中涉及还原氨化反应和希夫碱形成反应2步加氮关键限速步骤,高pH处理条件促进了2步加氮反应的底物和产物的合成和积累,说明偏碱的环境可以促进加氮反应,进而促进了水苏碱的生物合成和积累。The present study explored the physiological mechanism of the effects of different pH treatments on the growth, physiological characteristics, and stachydrine biosynthesis of Leonurus japonicus to provide references for the cultivation and quality control of L. japonicus. Under hydroponic conditions, different pH treatments(pH 5,6,7,8) were set up. The growth, physiology, and the content of stachydrine and total alkaloids of L. japonicus, as well as the content of key intermediate products in stachydrine biosynthesis pathway(i.e., pyruvic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, glutamic acid, and ornithine) were monitored to explore the physiological mechanism of the effects of pH on the growth and active components of L. japonicus. The results showed that L. japonicus. could grow normally in the pH 5-8 solution. The pH treatment of neutral acidity was more conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and the increase in soluble protein in leaves of L. japonicus. to promote its growth and yield. However, since stachydrine is a nitrogen-containing pyrrolidine alkaloid, its synthesis involves the two key rate-limiting steps of nitrogen addition: reductive ammoniation reaction and Schiff base formation reaction. High pH treatments promote the synthesis and accumulation of substrates and products of the above two reactions, indicating that the alkaline environment can promote the nitrogen addition reaction, thereby promoting the biosynthesis and accumulation of stachydrine.

关 键 词：益母草 PH 水苏碱 生物合成 中间产物 还原氨化反应 希夫碱形成反应 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]