采用P204+YW100萃取工艺制备镓精矿的生产应用  

Production Application of Gallium Concentrate Preparation by P204+YW100Extraction Process

作　　者：张伟 吴才贵[1] 饶帅 宫晓丹 张登凯 胡东风 周科华 ZHANG Wei;WU Cai-gui;RAO Shuai;GONG Xiao-dan;ZHANG Deng-kai;HU Dong-feng;ZHOU Ke-hua(Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Shaoguan 512325,China;Danxia Smelter,Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,China;Institute of Resource Utilization and Rare Earth Development,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂,广东韶关512325 [2]江西理工大学材料冶金化学学部,江西赣州341000 [3]广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所,广东广州510650 [4]深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《稀有金属与硬质合金》2022年第5期33-39,共7页Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902802)。

摘　　要：介绍了国内某锌冶炼厂采用P204+YW100协同萃取体系从硫酸浸出液中萃取制备镓精矿的生产情况,针对萃取-反萃-硫化除杂-中和水解沉淀工艺中存在的不足进行分析,提出了如下措施:稳定控制萃取料液含酸量在10~20 g/L,降低溶液中铁离子浓度至≤0.2 g/L,优化协萃剂YW100的加入方式,由间断补加改为连续补加;采用扩散渗析技术分离镓反萃液中的游离酸;强化萃取源头控制,减少杂质元素进入反萃液,取消硫化除杂工艺,由氢氧化钠替代碳酸钠作为中和剂。结果表明,经过工艺优化后,镓萃取率由低于75%提高至大于99%;高酸镓反萃液采用扩散渗析膜处理工艺,渗析残液中铁、铜、锌、镓、硫酸截留率分别为85.71%、87.27%、90.00%、90.54%、9.71%,酸的回收利用率达到了90.29%,回收酸配入浓硫酸作为镓的反萃剂,实现了资源的循环利用;镓精矿中的镓品位由原来的8.51%提高至26.47%,为后续碱溶-镓电积提供高质量原料。The production of gallium concentrate from sulfuric acid leaching solution by P204+YW100 sy-nergistic extraction system in a domestic zinc smelter was introduced.Based on the analysis of the deficiencies in the process of extraction-stripping-sulfuration purification-neutralization hydrolysis precipitation,the following measures were put forward:stably control the acid content of the extraction solution at 10~20 g/L,reduce the iron ion concentration to below 0.2 g/L,and optimize the addition of synergist YW100 from intermittent supplementation to continuous supplementation.Diffusion dialysis was used to separate the free acid in the gallium stripping liquid.The source control of extraction was strengthened to reduce impurity elements entering the stripping solution.The sulfuration purification was canceled and sodium hydroxide was used as a neutralizing agent instead of sodium carbonate.The results show that after process optimization,the extraction of gallium increases from less than 75%to more than 99%.For treating high-acid gallium stripping solution by diffusion dialysis membrane,the retention rates of iron,copper,zinc,gallium,and sulfuric acid are 85.71%,87.27%,90.00%,90.54%and 9.71%,respectively.The recovery rate of acid reaches 90.29%,the recovered acid mixed with concentrated sulfuric acid can be used as the stripping agent of gallium,realizing the recycling of resources.The grade of gallium concentrate is improved from 8.51%to 26.47%,providing a high-quality material for the subsequent alkali dissolution-gallium electrowinning.

关 键 词：P204+YW100 萃取 镓精矿 扩散渗析 净化 中和水解沉淀 

分 类 号：TF803.27[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]