甘肃省少数民族孕妇急性肾盂肾炎高危因素分析及对妊娠结局的影响  

Analysis of the risk factors of acute pyelonephritis and its influence on pregnancy outcomes among minorities in Gansu

作　　者：严新彦 周海存 周平平 王燕[1] 蒲巍林[1] YAN Xinyan;ZHOU Haicun;ZHOU Pingping;WANG Yan;PU Weilin(Department of Genitourinary,Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital,Gansu Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省妇幼保健院生殖泌尿科,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2022年第11期43-47,共5页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目(项目编号:21JR11RA175);兰州市科技计划资助项目(2020-ZD-7)。

摘　　要：目的 分析甘肃省少数民族孕妇急性肾盂肾炎(APN)的高危因素及其对妊娠结局的影响。方法 收集2019年1月1日至2020年6月30日在甘肃省妇幼保健院定期产检的2 750例少数民族孕妇资料,患APN的孕妇128例,作为观察组,未患APN的孕妇为对照组。分析妊娠期APN的危险因素及对妊娠结局的影响。结果 2 750例孕妇中发生APN 128例,发生率为4.65%。观察组孕妇年龄小于对照组(t=4.179,P<0.05)。不同民族APN发生率:回族6.29%、藏族4.72%、土族3.14%、满族3.24%、东乡族2.32%,其他少数民族2.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.148,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现年龄<25岁(OR=1.300,95%CI:1.030~1.650)、文化程度为初中及以下(OR=1.442,95%CI:1.231~1.621)、经济收入<5 000元/年(OR=1.250,95%CI:1.040~1.511)、初产妇(OR=1.784,95%CI:1.043~3.053)、饮食以肉食为主(OR=4.529,95%CI:2.063~9.942)、尿蛋白阳性(OR=5.850,95%CI:1.061~32.256)、肾积水(OR=1.889,95%CI:1.434~2.488)、未定期进行产检(OR=1.770,95%CI:1.620~1.960)是甘肃省少数民族妊娠期APN发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。APN组胎儿宫内窘迫、胎盘早剥及早产的发生率高于对照组(χ^(2)值分别为6.052、11.592、16.782,P<0.05)。结论 甘肃地区少数民族妊娠期APN发病率较高,危险因素较多,对妊娠结局有不良影响,应加以预防。Objective To analyze the risk factors of acute pyelonephritis(APN) and its influence on pregnancy outcomes among minorities in Gansu.Methods The data of 2 750 pregnant minority women, who conducted regular prenatal visits in the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital between January 1,2019 and June 30,2020 were collected.128 pregnant women with APN were the observation group, and pregnant women without APN were the control group.The risk factors of APN during pregnancy and its impact on pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Results Of 2 750 pregnant women, 128 were with APN,and the incidence was 4.65%.The age of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(t=4.179,P<0.05).The incidences of APN in different ethnic groups were as follows: Hui 6.29%,Tibetan 4.72%,Tu 3.14%,Manchu 3.24%,Dongxiang 2.32%,and other ethnic minorities 2.50%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.148,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that aged<25 years(OR=1.300,95%CI:1.030-1.650),educational level of junior high school and below(OR=1.442,95%CI:1.231-1.621),income<5 000 yuan per year(OR=1.250,95%CI:1.040-1.511),primipara(OR=1.784,95%CI:1.043-3.053),diet mainly with meat(OR=4.529,95%CI:2.063-9.942),positive urine protein(OR=5.850,95%CI:1.061-32.256),hydronephrosis(OR=1.889,95%CI:1.434-2.488),and irregular prenatal visits(OR=1.770,95%CI:1.620-1.960) were the independent risk factors of APN during pregnancy among minorities in Gansu.The incidences of fetal intrauterine distress, placental abruption and preterm birth in the APN group were higher than those of the control group(χ^(2)=6.052,11.592 and 16.782,respectively, P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of APN during pregnancy among minorities in Gansu is high and with many risk factors, which has adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes, and prevention should be conducted.

关 键 词：少数民族 孕妇 急性肾盂肾炎 危险因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]