山地旅游景区落石灾害威胁区域及防治措施研究  

Study on rockfall threat area and prevention measures in Mountainous Scenic Spots

作　　者：高丙丽[1] 张世宽 李朗 杨志法[3] Gao Bingli;Zhang Shikuan;Li Lang;Yang Zhifa(Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design,Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学,陕西西安710054 [2]机械工业勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710043 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2022年第11期96-107,共12页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1509703)。

摘　　要：山地旅游景区落石具有较大的运动速度、弹跳高度,严重威胁影响范围内人员与设施的安全。文章以浙江省三门县蛇蟠岛景区为背景,对景区内落石灾害的威胁区域和防治措施进行研究。通过选取古洞室洞内顶板、古洞室洞内带顶洞口及洞口边坡三个易发生落石的典型场地,进行不同形状、不同质量的现场落石试验,对落石的运动轨迹、运动特征及威胁区域进行研究。同时,针对山地旅游景区落石灾害防治提出优先采取避让措施,无法避让时,再采取工程处理措施。结果表明:①落石运动过程发生了弹跳、滚动和滑动运动,落石的一次运动中可发生多次弹跳运动,危害性较大,且洞内顶板个别落石弹跳高度较高,带顶洞口落石经洞顶台阶后,水平运动距离较远,洞口边坡坡面的树木杂草和起伏不平对落石运动影响较大。②可以采用“遮挡”措施、支顶措施等工程措施对落石灾害进行防治。此结果可指导蛇蟠岛景区落石威胁范围与危害程度判定,并为落石防治设计提供参考依据。Rockfall in Mountains Scenic Spots has a large movement speed and jump height,which seriously threatens the safety of human and facilities in the falling rock area.With the Shepan Island tourist attraction of Sanmen County in Zhejiang Province taken as an example,the falling rock areas and the prevention measures of rockfall in the tourist attraction were studied.By selecting three typical sites prone to rockfall,namely the roof of ancient cave,the entrance of ancient cave with roof opening and the slope of the cave entrance,the field tests of rockfall with different shapes and qualities were carried out,and the motion track,motion characteristic and threatened area of rockfall were studied.Meanwhile,for the prevention and control measures of rockfall in Mountainous Scenic Spots,it was proposed that priority shall be given to take avoidance measures,and the treatment measures shall be taken when the avoidance is inevitable.The results show that:①The falling rock movement of bouncing,rolling and sliding occurs,and multiple bouncing may occur in one movement of rockfall which is very harmful,and in addition the jump heights of some individual rocks falling from the cave roof are high.After the rock passes through the steps of the roof opening,the horizontal movement distance is far.The trees,weeds and surface fluctuations of the slope of the cave entrance may greatly affect the falling rock movement.②Engineering measures such as“shelter”measure and roof support measure can be used to prevent and control rockfall.The results can be used to guide the determination of the scope and degree of rockfall hazard in Shepan Island tourist attraction,and can be referred to in rockfall prevention and control design.

关 键 词：落石 威胁区域 试验 弹跳运动 水平运动 运动特征 防治措施 

分 类 号：P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学]