CircRNA调控脂质代谢对相关疾病进展的影响  

Pivotal role of circRNAs in lipid metabolism and development of lipid disorder diseases

作　　者：陈诗芮 刘芳 明新月 吕运成 CHEN Shirui;LIU Fang;MING Xinyue;LYU Yuncheng(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine&Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences,Guilin Medical University,Guilin 541199,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院基础医学院广西糖尿病系统医学重点实验室/基础医学研究所,桂林541199

出　　处：《生命的化学》2022年第9期1685-1693,共9页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82160098,81770460);广西自治区自然科学基金项目(2019JJA140728)。

摘　　要：本文概述了环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)对脂质代谢调控机制及脂代谢紊乱相关疾病的病理生理学作用。CircRNA由宿主基因反向剪接产生,可作为分子海绵结合特定microRNA或靶蛋白,从而调控肝脏、肥胖症、血管内皮及神经组织等脂质代谢过程。肝细胞过表达circRNA_002581、cir-cRNA_0048179、circScd1、circRNA_0001805、circRNA_0046366、circRNA_0046367或敲低circ_0057558可改善脂质蓄积及非酒精性脂肪肝病转归;circSAMD4A、circFLT1促进脂肪组织分化成脂,而表达hsa_circH19、circFUT10和circRNF111可抑制脂肪组织的成脂过程;过表达circ_0003575、circHIPK3、hsa_circ_0030042和hsa_circ_0001445可减少脂质积累并保护血管内皮;circRNA_CUX1、circNF1_419、circPtpn14、ciRS-7、circ_463影响神经组织脂质代谢重编程并在神经疾病发生发展中起关键作用。CircRNA广泛参与脂质代谢调控,其表达及功能失衡影响了多种脂质紊乱相关疾病的发展。This review summarizes the critical role of circular RNAs(circRNAs)in lipid metabolism processes and the pathogenesis of disorders of lipid metabolism.Generated from host genes by back splicing,circRNAs work as molecular sponges to bind with specific microRNAs or target proteins,thereby regulating lipid metabolism in liver,adipose tissue,vascular endothelium and neurologic tissue.The overexpression of circRNA_002581,circRNA_0048179,circScd1,circRNA_0001805,circRNA_0046366,circRNA_0046367 or knockdown of circ_0057558 significantly improved hepatocellular lipid accumulation and the prognosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).CircSAMD4A and circFLT1 vigorously promoted the differentiation and adipogenesis of adipose tissue,while hsa_circH19,circFUT10 and circRNF111 apparently suppressed adipogenic process.Overexpression of circ_0003575,circHIPK3,hsa_circ_0030042 and hsa_circ_0001445 evidently reduced lipid accumulation and the damage in vascular endothelium.CircRNA_CUX1,circNF1_419,circPtpn14,ciRS-7 and circ_463 pronouncedly drove lipid metabolism reprogram and the development of neurologic diseases.CircRNAs widely participate in lipid metabolism regulation,and their expressional and functional aberrances accelerate the progress of various lipid disorder diseases.

关 键 词：circRNA 脂质代谢 非酒精性脂肪肝病 肥胖症 心血管疾病 神经疾病 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]