超声波对铜绿微囊藻与蛋白核小球藻生理特征及竞争生长的影响  

Effects of ultrasound on the physiological characteristics and competitive growth between Microcystis aerugi-nosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa.

作　　者：谭啸 徐杨雪 李聂贵[2] 段志鹏 蒋瑀霁[4] 曾庆飞[5] 强娟 TAN Xiao;XU Yang-xue;LI Nie-gui;DUAN Zhi-peng;JIANG Yu-ji;ZENG Qing-fei;QIANG Juan(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource De-velopment on Shallow Lakes,College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Nanjing Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydrology Automation,Ministry of Water Resources,Nanjing 210012,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sus-tainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;State Key La-boratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Water Resources Bureau of Wujin District in Changzhou City,Changzhou 213115,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京210098 [2]水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所,南京210012 [3]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098 [4]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [5]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [6]常州市武进区水利局,江苏常州213115

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第10期2845-2852,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071569);2020年度中国科学院科研仪器设备研制项目(YJKYYQ20200048);中央高校科研业务费(B210202010);中国博士后基金(2020M681472)资助。

摘　　要：铜绿微囊藻是常见的水华蓝藻,常常在湖泊中与蛋白核小球藻共存或竞争生长。超声波可用于藻华即时治理,能够降低藻类生理活性,影响藻类生长,还可能改变藻类种间竞争关系。为了探究超声胁迫(35 kHz,0.035 W·cm^(-3))对铜绿微囊藻与蛋白核小球藻的生理特征及种间竞争的影响,本研究设置纯藻组和1∶1混合组(细胞浓度比)进行试验。结果表明:铜绿微囊藻对超声胁迫更加敏感。超声处理600 s后,铜绿微囊藻的光合活性(F_(v)/F_(m))和酯酶活性存在显著变化,纯藻组和混合组的F_(v)/F_(m)分别降低了51.8%和64.7%。而各组中蛋白核小球藻的光合活性变化较小。同时,铜绿微囊藻释放的荧光溶解性有机物(类色氨酸、类酪氨酸、类富里酸物质)含量多于蛋白核小球藻。两种藻的细胞浓度对超声波的响应也不同,蛋白核小球藻变化较小,而铜绿微囊藻的细胞浓度出现不同程度的下降。尤其是600 s超声处理大幅降低了混合组中铜绿微囊藻的细胞浓度(-42.6%),在超声胁迫解除后的8 d内蛋白核小球藻占优势,种间关系由铜绿微囊藻单边抑制蛋白核小球藻转变为两者互相抑制。在超声处理后,铜绿微囊藻的活性能够逐渐恢复,为了提高控藻效果的持久性,建议在一周后再次进行超声处理。Microcystis aeruginosa is a common bloom-forming cyanobacterium,which generally coexists and com-petes with Chlorella pyrenoidosa in lakes.Sonication can be used for emergency management of algal blooms.Ultra-sound influences algal growth and physiological parameters,as well as interspecific competition in algal community.To explore the effects of ultrasonic stress(35 kHz,0.035 W·cm^(-3))on physiological characteristics and interspe-cific competition of algae,M.aeruginosa and C.pyrenoidosa were sonicated in mono-and co-cultures(1:1 mix-ture,according to cell concentration).Results showed that M.aeruginosa was more sensitive to ultrasonic stress.After the sonication for 600 s,both photosynthetic activity(F_(v)/F_(m))and esterase activity of M.aeruginosa showed significant changes,with F_(v)/F_(m)values in mono-and co-cultures being decreased by 51.8%and 64.7%,respective-ly.In comparison,F_(v)/F_(m)values of C.pyrenoidosa changed slightly.M.aeruginosa released more chromophoric dis-solved organic matter(CDOM,including tryptophan-,tyrosine-,and fulvic-like substances)than C.pyrenoidosa.The cell concentration of C.pyrenoidosa showed little changes regardless of sonication time,while the cell concen-tration of M.aeruginosa decreased at different degrees.The cell concentration of M.aeruginosa in co-cultures de-creased by 42.6%after sonication for 600 s,which might be responsible for the dominance of C.pyrenoidosa during 8 days after sonication.M.aeruginosa inhibited C.pyrenoidosa in other treatments,but mutual inhibition appeared in the 600 s sonication treatment.After ultrasonic treatment,the activity of M.aeruginosa could recover gradually.The treatment should be conducted again within a week to improve the persistence of algal control.

关 键 词：超声波 铜绿微囊藻 蛋白核小球藻 生理特性 种间竞争 水华 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173