马铃薯中戊唑醇和吡唑醚菌酯的残留行为  

Residues behavior of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potato

作　　者：姚杰[1] 兰丰[1] 柳璇[1] 周国虎 王志新[1] 王雪景 段小娜[1] 王春晓[1] 刘传德[1] 周先学[1] 鹿泽启[1] YAO Jie;LAN Feng;LIU Xuan;ZHOU Guohu;WANG Zhixin;WANG Xuejing;DUAN Xiaona;WANG Chunxiao;LIU Chuande;ZHOU Xianxue;LU Zeqi(Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Fruits(Yantai),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruits and Nursery Stocks,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yantai 265500,China;Wendeng Service Center for Agriculture and Rural Affairs in Weihai,Shandong Province,Weihai 264400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市农业科学研究院,农业农村部果品质量安全风险评估实验室(烟台),农业农村部果品及苗木质量监督检验测试中心(烟台),烟台265500 [2]山东省威海市文登区农业农村事务服务中心,威海264400

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第6期326-331,335,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：烟台市科技计划(2020MSGY053)。

摘　　要：为探明戊唑醇和吡唑醚菌酯在马铃薯中的残留特性和安全性,建立了测定马铃薯植株和块茎中戊唑醇和吡唑醚菌酯残留量的分析方法,研究了两种农药在马铃薯植株中的消解动态及在马铃薯块茎中的最终残留。样品前处理采用QuEChERS法,经乙腈提取,高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测,外标法定量。结果表明:0.005~0.5 mg/kg添加水平下,戊唑醇在马铃薯植株和块茎中的回收率分别为90%~99%、94%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.8%~5.3%、5.3%~9.2%;吡唑醚菌酯在马铃薯植株和块茎中的回收率分别为98%~104%、89%~96%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为4.0%~8.7%、3.0%~8.0%;样品中戊唑醇和吡唑醚菌酯的定量限(LOQ)均为0.005 mg/kg。监测了戊唑醇和吡唑醚菌酯在山东烟台、天津武清、四川成都、重庆九龙坡、湖南长沙、安徽宿州、陕西榆林、贵州贵阳、宁夏银川和黑龙江绥化10个试验点的马铃薯中的残留行为。发现戊唑醇和吡唑醚菌酯在马铃薯植株中的消解速率较快,半衰期分别为6.4~6.5 d和5.0~7.2 d,属易消解型农药。采用32%戊唑醇·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂按推荐剂量(有效成分用量182.4 g/hm^(2))施药3次,距末次施药14 d,戊唑醇在马铃薯中的最大残留量不大于0.018 mg/kg,低于欧盟规定的最大残留限量标准(MRL)(0.02 mg/kg),吡唑醚菌酯在马铃薯块茎中的最大残留量<0.005 mg/kg,低于中国规定的MRL(0.02 mg/kg)。In order to study the residual characteristics and safety of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potato,an analytical method was developed for the determination of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potato plants and tubers.The final residues of the two pesticides in potato tubers and their dissipation dynamics in potato plants were studied.A simple and efficient pretreatment method called QuEChERS was used:the samples were extracted with acetonitrile and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS,and the external standard method was employed for quantitative analysis.The results showed that,at the spiked levels of 0.005-0.5 mg/kg,the average recoveries of tebuconazole in potato plants and potato tubers were in the range of 90%-99%and 94%-102%,respectively,and the relative standard deviations were 3.8%-5.3%and 5.3%-9.2%,respectively;the average recoveries of pyraclostrobin in potato plants and potato tubers were 98%-104%and 89%-96%,respectively,and the relative standard deviations were 4.0%-8.7%and 3.0%-8.0%,respectively.The limits of quantity(LOQ)of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin samples were both 0.005 mg/kg.The residues behavior of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potatoes from ten experimental sites(Yantai in Shandong,Wuqing in Tianjin,Chengdu in Sichuan,Jiulongpo in Chongqing,Changsha in Hunan,Suzhou in Anhui,Yulin in Shaanxi,Guiyang in Guizhou,Yinchuan in Ningxia and Suihua in Heilongjiang)were determined.The results showed that the dissipation of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potato plants was rapid,with a half-life of 6.4-6.5 d and 5.0-7.2 d,respectively.The kinetics of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potato plants accords with the first-order kinetics equation,which indicated that tebuconazole·pyraclostrobin were easily degradable pesticides.When the recommended dosage(182.4 g/hm^(2))of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin 32%SC were sprayed for three times,the maximum residual concentrations of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin in potato at a harvest interval of 14 days did not exceed 0.018 mg/kg and<0.005 mg/kg,respec

关 键 词：高效液相色谱-串联质谱 戊唑醇 吡唑醚菌酯 马铃薯植株 马铃薯块茎 消解动态 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]