不同滴灌量对荒漠区栽培甘草苗期生长发育的影响  

Effects of Diffeent Drip Irrigation RateAmounts on Growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis during Seedling Stage in Desert Areas

作　　者：阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克[1] 吐尔逊·吐尔洪[2,3] 古丽米拉·艾克拜尔 张龑 阿依夏木·沙吾尔[2,3] Abdukeyoumu Abudurezike;Tuerson Tuerhong;Gulimira Aikebaier;ZHANG Yan;Ayixiamu Shawuer(Research Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Pratacultural Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第8期1945-1955,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“水肥耦合对干旱区栽培甘草产量和品质的最优模式研究”(41867044);国家自然科学基金“硫肥对甘草产量和品质的肥效研究”(41361069);新疆农业科学院自主培育项目“新疆农作物种质资源优异特性挖掘与利用”(nkyzzpt-008);自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目“优良藏红花品种引进及配套种植技术集成与示范”和“沙棘新品种引进与推广”(2022KY002)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同滴灌量对荒漠地区栽培甘草苗期生长发育的影响,分析不同滴灌量影响甘草苗期生长发育的生理机制过程。【方法】以新疆昌吉州荒漠地区栽培甘草为材料,于2019年在昌吉州三坪农场进行大田试验。设X_(0)(0 m^(3)/hm^(2))、X_(1)(2500 m^(3)/hm^(2))、X_(2)(5000 m^(3)/hm^(2))、X_(3)(7500 m^(3)/hm^(2))和X_(4)(10000 m^(3)/hm^(2))等5种滴灌水平,检测并分析不同滴灌水平对甘草苗期出苗率、株高、叶面积指数(LAI)、地上部分干重、根长、根干重和根直径等生长发育指标的影响。【结果】不同缺水处理对甘草苗地上地下各指标的影响均达极显著水平(P<0.01)。甘草出苗率X_(2)>X_(3)>X_(1)>X_(4)>X_(0),X_(2)出苗率最高达89.30%,比X_(0)高出60.00%。株高、LAI和地上干重X_(4)>X_(3)>X_(2)>X_(1)>X_(0),在X_(4)处理达最高,分别为63.54 cm、3.75和1139.56 t/hm^(2),比X_(0)高44.53 cm、2.60和745.91 t/hm^(2)。根长和根干重X_(2)>X_(1)>X_(3)>X_(4)>X_(0),在X_(2)处理最大,为67.05 cm和519.17 t/hm^(2),比X_(0)高37.51 cm和332.99 t/hm^(2)。根直径和根冠比X_(1)>X_(2)>X_(3)>X_(4)>X_(0),均在X_(1)处理最大,分别为11.09 mm和1.03,比X_(0)高7.31 mm和0.70。【结论】在荒漠地区滴灌栽培甘草生产中,将滴灌量控制在2500至5000 m^(3)/hm^(2)时,甘草苗期生长发育的各个指标能够达到最优值。【Objective】To study the effects of different drip irrigation amounts on the growth and development of licorice root at seedling stage in desert area.【Methods】On the saline soil of the meadow in southern Tianshan mountain in Xinjiang,field plot experiment was carried out with no irrigation(X_(0)),very few amount of irrigation(X_(1)),few amount of irrigation(X_(2)),middle amount of irrigation(X_(3))and high amount of irrigation(X_(4))treatments.The licorice seedling emergence rate,plant height,leaf area index(LAI),above ground dry weight,root length,root diameter and root dry weight were measured.【Results】The different amounts of irrigation treatments significantly influenced the growth and development of licorice during seedling stage(P<0.01).The emergence rate of licorice were shown as X_(2)>X_(3)>X_(1)>X_(4)>X_(0).The emergence rate of X_(2) was up to 89.30%,60.00%higher than that of X_(0).Plant height,LAI and abovegrounddryaboveground dry weight were shown as X_(4)>X_(3)>X_(2)>X_(1)>X_(0),which reached the highest in X_(4) treatment,63.54 cm,3.75 and 1139.56 t/hm^(2),respectively,which were 44.53cm,2.60 and 745.91 t/hm^(2) higher than that of X_(0).The root length and root dry weight were shown as X_(2)>X_(1)>X_(3)>X_(4)>X_(0).The root length and root dry weight in X_(2) treatment were 67.05 cm and 519.17 t/hm^(2),which were 37.51 cm and 332.99 t/hm^(2) higher than that in X_(0).The root diameter and root-shoot ratio were shownasshown as X_(1)>X_(2)>X_(3)>X_(4)>X_(0),both of which reached the maximum in the X_(1) treatment,11.09 mm and 1.03,respectively,which were 7.31 mm and 0.70 higher than that of X_(0).【Conclusion】In summary,the amount of irrigation had has a significant influence on the growth and development of licorice during the seedling stage in desert areas.Thus,in the cultivation of licorice in desert areas,attention should be paid to the reasonable regulation of irrigation amount.In this research,it is suggested to regulate the drip irrigation amount within 2,500 to 5,000 m^(3)/hm^(2

关 键 词：甘草 滴灌量 荒漠区 苗期 发育 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]