甜菜黄萎病菌生物学特性及16种杀菌剂的毒力比较  

Study on Biological properties of Verticillium and Virulence Comparison of 16 Fungicides

作　　者：荣华 张卢慧 刘龙 郑童童 雷斌[2] 郭庆元[1] RONG Hua;ZHANG Luhui;LIU Long;ZHENG Tongtong;LEI Bin;GUO Qingyuan(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University//Xinjiang Laboratory of Monitoring,Early Warning and Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Invasive Pests in Agriculture and Forestry,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/新疆农林外来入侵有害生物监测预警与综合防控生点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第8期1984-1991,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项-资源共享平台建设项目(PT1911)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究甜菜黄萎病菌生物学特性,比较16种杀菌剂的毒力,分析其病原菌特性,为病害防治提供依据。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法,测定该病原菌主要生物学特性,并比较16种杀菌剂毒力。【结果】该病原菌生长较适宜的培养基为查氏培养基;生长温度为5~35℃,最适温度为25~30℃,菌丝致死温度为57℃;最适碳氮源为乳糖和硝酸钾;pH值4.0~11.0均可生长,碱性环境下生长较快,在pH值11.0时生长最快,对偏酸性环境也较为耐受;在24 h全光照下生长最好。16种供试药剂均对病原菌有明显不同的抑制效果;40%多菌灵和450 g/L咪鲜胺对病原菌的抑制作用极强,EC_(50)值分别为0.0891和0.91 mg/L;30%噁霉灵、30%苯甲丙环唑、1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐次之(EC_(50):100~155 mg/L)。【结论】甜菜黄萎病菌菌丝生长最适温度范围为25~30℃,喜碱耐酸,全光照下生长最好;40%多菌灵、450 g/L咪鲜胺和30%噁霉灵等对病原菌有极强或较强的抑菌作用,可作为田间防病的首选。【Objective】Study on biological properties of Verticillium and virulence comparison of 16 fungicides.To clarify the pathogen characteristics,and then to provide a basis for disease prevention and control.【Methods】This study determined the main biological properties by myphal growth rate of the pathogen and conducted virulence comparison of 16 fungicides.【Results】The pathogen was Char medium;growth temperature range of 5-35℃,25-30℃,57℃;optimal carbon and nitrogen sources are lactose and potassium nitrate;pH 4.0-11.0,fastest at pH 11.0 and tolerant to partial acidic environment and best under full light at 24 h.The virulence results showed that 16 agents had significantly different inhibitory effects;40%and 450 g/L were strong,with EC_(50) values of 0.0891 mg/L and 0.91 mg/L respectively;30%oxamycin,30%phenylpropylene azole,1.8%simamide acetate(EC_(50):100-155 mg/L).【Conclusion】The optimal temperature range of malticillium is 25-30℃,acid resistance and the best growth under full light;40%mycelic,450 g/L fresh amine and 30%oxamycin have a strong or strong antibacterial effect on pathogens,which can be used as the first choice in field disease prevention test.

关 键 词：甜菜 黄萎病 变黑轮枝菌 生物学特性 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S435.66[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]