有机肥氮替代化肥氮比例对单季稻产量、土壤养分及氮素吸收的影响  

Effect of the Ratio of Organic Fertilizer Substituting Chemical Nitrogen on Yield Soil Nutrients and Nitrogen Absorption of Single Cropping Rice

作　　者：叶鑫[1] 隋世江[1] 陈玥[1] 张鑫[1] YE Xin;SUI Shi-jiang;CHEN Yue;ZHANG Xin(Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物营养与环境资源研究所,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《辽宁农业科学》2022年第6期24-28,共5页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200200)。

摘　　要：在等氮量投入条件下,通过田间试验,探讨有机肥替代化肥氮比例对水稻产量、土壤养分和氮素吸收的影响。采用连续2年田间定位试验,设置不施氮处理(CK),单施化肥处理(F),有机肥替代20%化肥氮处理(M1)、替代40%化肥氮(M2)、替代60%化肥氮(M3)5个处理。结果表明:有机肥替代化肥氮比例为20%~40%可维持水稻的增产稳产,比不施氮处理产量平均增加33.10%~40.36%,比单施化肥处理产量平均增加0.84%~6.34%;有利于水稻茎叶、籽粒的养分吸收,提高水稻氮素累积量;土壤有机质和氮磷钾的养分含量明显高于单施化肥处理。因此,对于北方单季稻区而言,有机肥氮占总氮量的20%~40%比例较为适宜。A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different proportions of replacement of chemical nitrogen fertilizer by organic manure on rice yield,soil nutrient and nitrogen accumulation under the same amount of total nitrogen input.The field experiment was carried out for two consecutive years,there were five treatments:No nitrogen treatment(CK),Single chemical fertilizer(F),organic fertilizer replaces 20%chemical fertilizer nitrogen(M1),organic fertilizer replaces 40%chemical fertilizer nitrogen(M2)and organic fertilizer replaces 60%chemical fertilizer nitrogen(M3)were set up.The results showed that organic fertilize N substitution for 20%~40%of fertilizer nitrogen treatments were 33.10%~40.36%higher than CK,and 0.84%~6.34%higher than the pure chemical fertilizer treatment in yield;increased nutrient absorption of rice stems,leaves and grains and nitrogen accumulation of rice;the nutrient contents of soil organic matter and N,P,and K were significantly higher than that of pure chemical fertilizer treatment.Therefore,organic fertilize N substitution for 20%~40%of fertilizer nitrogen treatments could maintain the increase and stability of yield in northern rice area.

关 键 词：有机肥替代化肥 水稻产量 氮素累积量 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学] S511.41[农业科学—农业基础科学]