大厚度含水层下厚煤层保水开采研究  

Study on water retention mining of thick coal seams under aquifers of high thickness

作　　者：李宏儒 史久林 田锦州 李向阳[1] 李明轩 LI Hongru;SHI Jiulin;TIAN Jinzhou;LI Xiangyang;LI Mingxuan(Tiandi(Yulin)Mining Engineering&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719000,China;Coal Mining Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]天地(榆林)开采工程技术有限公司,陕西榆林719000 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013

出　　处：《中国矿业》2022年第12期96-101,共6页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：针对大采高开采过程中易造成上方隔水层的断裂,导致含水层向井下涌水,对矿井生产安全造成威胁的问题,以刘庄煤矿三盘区4301大采高工作面为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟和仰孔注水测漏法分析工作面覆岩含水层和隔水层的发育特征,确定上覆岩层中的主要含水层及隔水层。在辅助运输巷内利用井下仰孔注水测漏法对煤层开采过程中裂隙发育范围进行测定,并通过经验公式计算厚煤层开采过程中裂隙带发育高度。采用FLAC^(3D)数值模拟软件对相同地质条件下不同采高的煤层开采过程进行模拟,确定裂隙发育高度,并判定是否与含水层贯通。通过以上研究可知,采高不同导致裂隙的发育高度存在差异。在工作面裂采比为27.9~31.6的前提下,采高小于5.5 m时,上覆岩层出现离层带,采动过程中安定组泥岩弯曲下沉,使部分裂隙压实闭合,保水效果良好;采高为6.0 m时,覆岩裂隙贯穿安定组隔水层而发育至宜君-洛河组含水层,工作面涌水量增大,工作面存在安全隐患。最终确定刘庄煤矿采高为5.5 m时,能够实现矿产效益最大化,同时也能保证安全生产。在刘庄煤矿4303工作面进行现场应用,未出现涌水灾害事故,保证了矿井的安全生产,验证了本次研究的科学合理性。In view of the problem that it is easy to cause the fracture of the upper aquifuge in the process of large mining height mining,which leads to the water gushing from the aquifer to the underground and poses a threat to the safety of mine production,taking the 4301 large mining height working face in the third panel of Liuzhuang Coal Mine as the engineering background,the theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and upward hole water injection leakage measurement method are used to analyze the development characteristics of the overlying rock aquifer and aquifuge in the working face,and the main aquifer and aquifuge in the overlying rock layer are determined.In the auxiliary transport roadway,the range of fracture development in the process of coal seam mining is measured by the method of underground inverted hole water injection,and the development height of fracture zone in the process of thick coal seam mining is calculated by empirical formula.The FLAC^(3D) numerical simulation software is used to simulate the mining process of coal seams with different mining heights under the same geological conditions to determine the height of fracture development and determine whether it is connected with the aquifer.Through the above research,different mining heights lead to differences in the development height of fractures.Under the premise that the fracture-mining ratio of working face is 27.9-31.6,when the mining height less than 5.5 m,the separation zone appears in the overlying strata,and the mudstone of Anding Formation bends and sinks during the mining process,which makes some fractures compacted and closed,and the water retention effect is good.When the mining height is 6.0 m,the overburden fracture runs through the water-resisting layer of Anding Formation and develops to the aquifer of Yijun-Luohe Formation.The water inflow of the working face increases,and the working face has potential safety hazards.Finally,it is determined that when the mining height of Liuzhuang Coal Mine is 5.5 m,it can maximize the min

关 键 词：含水层 隔水层 仰孔注水测漏法 导水裂隙带 分段限高开采 

分 类 号：TD823[矿业工程—煤矿开采]