四种盐碱胁迫对不同品系白芥种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Four Kinds of Salt-Alkali Stress on Seed Germination of Different Sinapis alba Lines

作　　者：范惠玲 杨亚莉 任晓燕 陈天元 侯丽娟 Fan Huiling;Yang Yali;Ren Xiaoyan;Chen Tianyuan;Hou Lijuan(College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]河西学院农业与生态工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第11期39-47,共9页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RG308);甘肃省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010740024);河西学院教学研究项目(HXXYJY-2020-54)。

摘　　要：为了探明不同品系白芥种子萌发期对两种中性盐(NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4))和两种碱性盐(NaHCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3))胁迫的耐受性,本试验选用3个白芥品系(11白芥3-1、13白芥15-2、12白芥15-7)为研究对象,设计0~240 mmol/L NaCl、0~210 mmol/L Na_(2)SO_(4)、0~75 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)和0~40 mmol/L Na_(2)CO_(3)四种盐碱胁迫处理,以蒸馏水为对照,通过分析发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、芽苗鲜重、胚根长、胚轴长、耐盐阈值等指标的差异和相关性,探究了白芥种子萌发对不同盐碱胁迫的耐受性。结果表明,(1)12白芥15-7品系对Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫的耐受性最强,11白芥3-1品系对NaHCO_(3)、NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4)胁迫的耐受性最强。(2)当Na^(+)浓度一定时,白芥对SO_(4)^(2-)的耐受性比对Cl^(-)的强;HCO_(3)^(-)和CO_(3)^(2-)对白芥发芽率的影响程度因品系不同而有差异,但在Na^(+)浓度一定时,白芥对HCO_(3)^(-)的耐受性比对CO_(3)^(2-)的强。(3)20 mmol/L Na_(2)CO_(3)、45 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)、90 mmol/L Na_(2)SO_(4)和150 mmol/L NaCl可分别用于筛选对4种盐具有不同耐性的白芥种质。(4)15 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)、30~60 mmol/L NaCl处理对白芥种子胚轴和胚根伸长有一定的促进作用。(5)白芥种子萌发各指标间呈显著或极显著正相关,但与4种盐浓度均呈极显著负相关,其中发芽指数与NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)、NaHCO_(3)浓度间相关性最大,胚轴长与Na_(2)CO_(3)浓度相关性最大。本研究结果可为筛选适应不同盐碱地类型的白芥新种质提供理论基础,并为不同类型盐碱地生物治理中植物材料的选择提供参考。In order to investigate the tolerance of different strains of Sinapis alba seeds to two neutral salts(NaCl,Na_(2)SO_(4))and two alkaline salts(NaHCO_(3),Na_(2)CO_(3))stresses respectively during germination stage,three S.alba lines were selected as the research objects(11 Baijie 3-1,13 Baijie 15-2 and 12 Baijie 15-7),and four kinds of salt treatments were designed as 0~240 mmol/L NaCl,0~210 mmol/L Na_(2)SO_(4),0~75 mmol/L NaHCO_(3) and 0~40 mmol/L Na_(2)CO_(3).Distilled water was used as the control.The differences and correlations of germination rate,germination potential,germination index,fresh weight,radicle length,hypocotyl length and salt tolerance threshold were analyzed.The results were as follows.(1)12 Baijie 15-7 had the strongest tolerance to Na_(2)CO_(3) stress,and 11 Baijie 3-1 had the strongest tolerance to NaHCO_(3),NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4) stresses.(2)When the concentration of Na^(+)was constant,S.alba showed stronger tolerance to SO_(4)^(2-)compared with Cl^(-).The effects of HCO_(3)^(-) and CO_(3)^(2-)on germination rate of S.alba were different among different lines,but the tolerance of S.alba to HCO_(3)^(-) stress was stronger than that to CO_(3)^(2-).(3)20 mmol/L Na_(2)CO_(3),45 mmol/L NaHCO_(3),90 mmol/L Na_(2)SO_(4) and 150 mmol/L NaCl could be used to screen S.alba germplasms with different tolerance to 4 kinds of salt.(4)The treatments of 15 mmol/L NaHCO_(3) and 30~60 mmol/L NaCl had a certain promotion effects on seed hypocotyl and radicle elongation.(5)There were significantly or extremely significantly positive correlations between the germination indexes,but they were extremely significantly negatively correlated with concention of the four kinds of salt.The germination index was the most correlated with the concentrations of NaCl,Na_(2)SO_(4) and NaHCO_(3),and the hypocotyl length was the most correlated with the concentration of Na_(2)CO_(3).These results of this study could provide theoretical bases for breeding new S.alba germplasms adapt to different types of salt-alkali lands,and pr

关 键 词：白芥 种子萌发 耐盐性 盐碱胁迫 中性盐 碱性盐 

分 类 号：S637[农业科学—蔬菜学]