炭基肥配施化肥与化学调控对棉花生长、干物质积累和产量的影响  

Effects of Carbon Based Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer and Chemical Regulation on Cotton Growth,Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield

作　　者：程凯乐 王悦 高山[1] 王有武[1] 罗新宁[1] 苏青华 徐项宇 Cheng Kaile;Wang Yue;Gao Shan;Wang Youwu;Luo Xinning;Su Qinghua;Xu Xiangyu(College of Agronomy,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第11期86-92,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技攻关项目(1217088)。

摘　　要：本试验以中熟陆地棉塔河2号为供试材料,采用两因素裂区设计,主处理设置化学调控氟节胺3个浓度[750 mL/hm^(2)(F1),1050 mL/hm^(2)(F2),1350 mL/hm^(2)(F3)],副处理为炭基肥6种用量配施常规化肥处理(T1~T6),研究化学调控与不同施肥处理组合对棉花生长和产量形成的影响。结果表明,炭基肥配施化肥与化学调控结合能有效提高棉花生长指标、干物质积累和产量。高浓度化学调控处理下棉花农艺性状和单株干物质积累最好,且整个生育时期农艺性状和单株干物质积累量均随着炭基肥配施量增加呈现先升后降的趋势。其中,氟节胺1350 mL/hm^(2)(F3)与炭基肥2.7 t/hm^(2)(T3)组合处理下,棉花全生育期干物质积累量最高,为122.42 g/株;吐絮期T3处理单株干物质积累量最大,炭基肥配施化肥更有利于干物质积累并向生殖器官转运。棉花产量以F3T3组合最高,为6845.44 kg/hm^(2)。综上,本试验条件下氟节胺施用1350 mL/hm^(2)和炭基肥施用2.7 t/hm^(2)处理组合棉花增产效益最显著。In this experiment,the medium mature upland cotton Tahe 2 was used as the test material,and the two-factor split zone design was adopted with three flumetralin concentrations(F1~F3 with 750,1050 and 1350 mL/hm^(2) respectively)for main plots and six carbon based fertilizer rates(T1~T6)for secondary plots.The effects of chemical regulation and different fertilization treatments on cotton growth and yield formation were studied.The results showed that the carbon based fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer and chemical regulation could effectively improve the growth index,dry matter accumulation and yield of cotton.The agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation per plant were the best under high concentration of chemical regulation,and increased first and then decreased with the increase of carbon based fertilizer rate combined with chemical fertilizer in the whole growth period.Under the F3 and T3(2.7 t/hm^(2) carbon based fertilizer)combined treatment,the dry matter accumulation of cotton in the whole growth period was the highest as 122.42 g per plant.The maximum dry matter accumulation per plant appeared under T3 treatment at boll opening stage.Carbon based fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer was more conducive to dry matter accumulation and transportation to reproductive organs.The cotton yield of F3 T3 combination treatment was the highest as 6845.44 kg/hm^(2).In summary,the treatment with 1350 mL/hm^(2) flumetralin and 2.7 t/hm^(2) carbon based fertilizer had the most significant yield increase.

关 键 词：棉花 炭基肥配施化肥 化学调控 干物质 产量构成 南疆 

分 类 号：S562.062[农业科学—作物学]