以‘桂味’‘妃子笑’为砧木嫁接不同荔枝品种亲和性研究  

Study on the Compatibility of Different Litchi Cultivars Grafted with'Guiwei'and'Feizixiao'as Rootstocks

作　　者：史发超 蓝翠珍 陈洁珍[1] 林金利 欧良喜[1] 严倩 姜永华 刘海伦 蔡长河[1] SHI Fachao;LAN Cuizhen;CHEN Jiezhen;LIN Jinli;OU Liangxi;YAN Qian;JIANG Yonghua;LIU Hailun;CAI Changhe(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong;Shanwei Longxingyuan Modern Agricultural Technology Co.Ltd.,Shanwei 516600,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]汕尾市隆兴源现代农业科技有限公司,广东汕尾516600

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2022年第6期31-36,44,共7页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系岗位专家项目(CARS-32-01);国家园艺种质广州荔枝、香蕉分库运行服务(NHGRC2021-NH17);广东省荔枝产业技术体系创新团队(2021K107-1);物种品种资源保护费(111821301354052293);汕尾市优质荔枝采穗圃建设;荔枝产业攻关示范项目(403-2018-XMZC-0002-90)。

摘　　要：筛选以‘桂味’和‘妃子笑’为砧木的亲和接穗品种,为荔枝品种改良提供研究基础。以‘桂味’和‘妃子笑’为砧木,分别嫁接10个和9个优质荔枝品种,调查统计嫁接后不同荔枝品种嫁接口枝条表皮情况、枝梢长度、生长势等亲和性情况,并分析砧木直径与嫁接成活率相关性。结果表明,‘妃子笑’为砧木,嫁接‘观音绿’时,嫁接成活率最高;嫁接‘桂早荔’‘禾虾串’和‘马贵荔’后,嫁接口平滑、生长势较好,亲和性较高;当砧木直径在10~70mm,成活数达到总嫁接成活数的93%。以‘桂味’为砧木,嫁接‘郁金球’和‘翡翠’后,生长势较差,嫁接口粗糙;嫁接‘MS12’‘MS56’‘MS78’‘MW09’‘冰荔’的亲和性较好;当砧木直径范围在10~50mm,成活数达到总嫁接成活数的99%。综上所述,‘桂早荔’‘禾虾串’和‘马贵荔’与‘妃子笑’亲和性较好‘MS12’‘MS56’‘MS78’‘MW09’和‘冰荔’与‘桂味’亲和性较好,以期为后期荔枝品种结构优化提供指导。The compatible scion varieties with'Guiwei'and'Feizixiao'as rootstocks were screened to provide the research basis for the improvement of litchi varieties.10 and 9 high-quality litchi varieties were grafted with'Guwei'and'Feizixiao'as rootstocks,respectively.The compatibility of different litchi varieties after grafting,such as grafting surface condition,shoot length and growth condition,was investigated and counted,and the correlation between rootstock diameter and the survival rate was analyzed.The results showed that when'Feizixiao'as the rootstock was grafted with'Guanyinlv',the survival rate was the highest,and the compatibility grafted with'Guizaoli','Maguili'and'Hexiachuan'displayed good grafting compatibility with smooth epidermis and good growth conditions.When the diameter of rootstock'Feizixiao'ranged from 10 to 70 mm,the survival rate reached 93%of the total graft survival.When'Guiwei'as the rootstock was grafted with'Yujinqiu'and'Feicui',the growth potential showed terrible grafting compatibility with coarse epidermis and bad growth conditions,but the compatibility grafted with'MS12','MS56','MS78','MW09'and'Bingli'was better.When the diameter of rootstock'Guiwei'ranged from 10 to 50 mm,the survival rate reached 99%of the total graft survival.In conclusion,it is suggested that'Guizaoli','HeXiachuan'and'Maguili'were suitable to graft'Feizixiao','MS12','MS56','MS78','MW09'and'Bingli'were suitable to graft'Guiwei',which provided the guidance for the later structural optimization of litchi varieties.

关 键 词：荔枝 嫁接亲和性 砧木直径 嫁接口生长情况 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]