对决天花:种痘事业的兴起与天花的根除  

Duel Smallpox:The Rise of the Pox Breeding Cause and the Eradication of Smallpox

作　　者：贾吉庆 JIA Jiqing(School of Marxism,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350

出　　处：《中州大学学报》2022年第5期57-61,共5页Journal of Zhongzhou University

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金重大项目“中国共产党百年医疗卫生史料收集、整理与研究”(21&ZD036)。

摘　　要：新中国成立初期,全国范围内几乎每个省份都有天花疫情发生,加之新中国成立初期医疗条件较差,许多民众封建迷信思想严重,普遍对接种牛痘缺乏热情。为此,党和政府将天花疫情防治作为一项政治任务,制订天花防治规划、领导各地训练种痘员、加强种痘宣传,同时建立健全了天花疫情报告等制度,在全国范围内完成了一次全民性的种痘运动,遏制了天花疫情的蔓延,改善了新中国的卫生状况,塑造了党和政府的良好形象。In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,smallpox epidemic occurred in almost every province across the country.Compounding the problem,the medical conditions were poor those days,many people held feudal superstitious ideas,and generally lacked enthusiasm for vaccinia vaccination.To this end,the party and the government regarded the prevention and control of smallpox epidemic as a political task,taking measures including the formulation of smallpox prevention and control plans,leading the training of pox breeders in various places,strengthening the publicity of pox,and at the same time establishing and improving the system of smallpox epidemic reporting,based on the above measures,a nationwide pox campaign has been completed,curbing the spread of smallpox epidemic,improving the health situation,and shaping the good image of the party and the government.

关 键 词：新中国成立初期 天花 防治规划 种痘运动 成效 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] R2-09[历史地理—中国史]