不同碳氮比食料对黑水虻生长发育及饲用价值的影响  

Effects of growth, development and feeding value of black soldier fly with different carbon-nitrogen ratio diets

作　　者：李华磊 任明晋 吴有松 雷荷仙 韩加敏 裴毅敏 LI Hualei;REN Mingjin;WU Yousong;LEI Hexian;HAN Jiamin;PEI Yimin(Tongren City Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Tongren 554300,China;Songtao Miao Autonomous County Mountain Ecological Animal Husbandry Development Center,Tongren 554300,China;Guizhou Jinyinong Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tongren 554300,China;Tongren City Forage Station,Tongren 554300,China;Guizhou Tongren Houju Agricultural Technology Development Service Co.,Ltd.,Tongren 554300,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁市畜牧技术推广站,贵州铜仁554300 [2]松桃苗族自治县山地生态畜牧业发展中心,贵州铜仁554300 [3]贵州金亿农农业科技有限公司,贵州铜仁554300 [4]铜仁市饲草饲料站,贵州铜仁554300 [5]贵州铜仁厚聚农业科技开发服务有限公司,贵州铜仁554300

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第21期127-132,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y039号)。

摘　　要：为了探讨以猪粪为基质,不同碳氮比(carbon-nitrogen ratio,C/N)食料对黑水虻幼虫生长发育、抗氧化酶活性、虫体营养成分及饲用安全性的影响,试验将猪粪与不同辅料混合分为4组(C K组,C/N15∶1组、C/N20∶1组和C/N25∶1组),每组3个重复,接种等量相同日龄的黑水虻幼虫。每隔1 d测定虫体长度和重量,试验期为11 d。试验结束后分离出全部虫体和虫沙,测定虫体抗氧化酶活性,检测其常规营养成分、饲用安全性(包括重金属、霉菌毒素含量)。结果表明:与CK组相比,C/N15∶1组黑水虻幼虫体重和体长显著提高(P<0.05)。C/N15∶1组和C/N20∶1组黑水虻幼虫日增重、食料减重率、日均消耗量显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。虫体粗蛋白含量以C/N20∶1组最高,C/N 15∶1组和C/N 20∶1组黑水虻幼虫粗蛋白、钙含量显著高于CK组(P<0.05),其余营养成分各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组黑水虻幼虫抗氧化酶活性、霉菌毒素、重金属含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑虻虫生长发育、饲用价值、食料成本和转化率等,虻虫转化猪粪调配的最佳碳氮比为15∶1。In order to explore the effects of different carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N) diets on the growth and development, antioxidant enzyme activity, worm body nutrients and feeding safety of black soldier fly larvae with pig manure as the feed matrix, the experiment was divided into 4 groups(CK group, C/N15∶1 group, C/N20∶1 group and C/N25∶1 group), each group was repeated three times, and the same amounts of black soldier fly larvae of the same age were inoculated. The length and weight of the worms were measured every 2 d, and the test period was 11 d. After the test, all the worms and sand were separated, and the antioxidant enzyme activities of the worms were determined, and their conventional nutritional components and feeding safety(including heavy metals and mycotoxins) were tested. The results showed that compared with the CK group, in the C/N15∶1 group the diet significantly increased the body weight and body length of the black soldier fly larvae(P<0.05). In the C/N15∶1 group and C/N20∶1 group, the daily weight gain, food weight loss rate and average daily consumption of black soldier fly larvae were significantly higher than those in the CK group(P<0.05). The protein contents in worms was the highest in the C/N20∶1 group;the crude protein and calcium contents of black soldier fly larvae in C/N20∶1 group and C/N20∶1 group were significantly higher than those in CK group(P<0.05), and the changes of other nutrients were not significant(P>0.05). There was no significant effect on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, mycotoxins and heavy metals in the black soldier fly larvae in each group(P>0.05). Taking into account the growth and development of black soldier fly, feeding value, food cost and transformation rate, etc., the optimal carbon-nitrogen ratio for pig manure transformation by black soldier fly might be 15∶1.

关 键 词：猪 粪便 黑水虻 碳氮比 生长发育 饲用安全性 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q969.447.5[生物学—昆虫学]