授粉树配置距离对红富士苹果授粉效果的影响  

Effect of Pollinating Trees Distance on Pollination of Red Fuji Apple

作　　者：聂佩显[1,2] 薛晓敏[2] 张召恩 毛志泉[1] NIE Pei-xian;XUE Xiao-min;ZHANG Zhao-en;Mao Zhi-quan(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Taian 271018,China;Shandong Institute of Pomology,Taian 271000,China;Zoucheng Baitasi Ecological Agricultural Cooperative,Jining 273511,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000 [3]邹城市白塔寺生态农业专业合作社,山东济宁273511

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2022年第5期39-43,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000201)。

摘　　要：为探讨海棠作为授粉树与主栽品种红富士间的配置距离,研究了授粉树不同配置距离对红富士苹果授粉效果的影响。分别选择距授粉树1、4、8、12、16、20、24、28和32 m处的红富士植株,研究了授粉树距离条件对苹果坐果率和果实品质的影响,确定授粉树适宜的配置距离。结果表明:距授粉树12 m内,苹果花序坐果率、花朵坐果率、单果重、硬度、可溶性糖含量和果形整齐度均较高,且无显著差异;距授粉树16 m,除花朵坐果率和糖酸比显著下降,可滴定酸含量显著升高外,其他指标均无显著差异;距授粉树超过16 m,苹果花序坐果率、花朵坐果率、单果重、硬度、可溶性糖含量和果形整齐度均呈显著下降趋势。因此,在生产中以海棠作为红富士苹果授粉树的适宜配置距离为12 m,不宜超过16 m。In order to explore the distance between pollinating tree(crabapple)and Red Fuji apple,the effects of different distances of pollination trees on the pollination of Red Fuji apple were studied.Red Fuji plants 1,4,8,12,16,20,24,28 and 32 m away from pollinating trees were selected to study the effects of pollinating tree distance on fruit setting rate and fruit quality,and to determine the appropriate distance.The results showed that the fruit setting rate of and flower,single fruit weight,hardness,soluble sugar content and fruit shape uniformity were higher within 12 m from the pollination tree,and there was no significant difference.At 16 m from the pollination tree,there was no significant difference in other indexes except that the fruit setting rate of flower and sugar acid ratio decreased significantly,and the titratable acid content increased significantly.More than 16 m away from the pollinating tree,the fruit setting rate of inflorescence and flower,single fruit weight,hardness,soluble sugar content and fruit shape uniformity showed a significant downward trend.Therefore,the suitable distance for using crabapple as the pollinating tree of Red Fuji apple in production is 12 m,which should be less than 16 m.

关 键 词：红富士苹果 海棠 授粉树 坐果率 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]