车载甲醇重整原位制氢高通量催化剂研究  

Study on vehicle-mounted methanol reforming in-situ hydrogenproduction high-throughput catalyst

作　　者：吴迪 张冰姿 蔡正宇 何国强 WU Di;ZHANG Bingzi;CAI Zhengyu;HE Guoqiang(School of Materials and Chemistry,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Econogy and Health Institute,Hangzhou Vocational&Technical College,Hangzhou 310018,China;Saxo Fintech Business School,University of Sanya,Sanya 572022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学材料与化学学院,杭州310018 [2]杭州职业技术学院生态健康学院,杭州310018 [3]三亚学院盛宝金融科技商学院,三亚572022

出　　处：《功能材料》2022年第11期11001-11006,11022,共7页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51502044)。

摘　　要：在“双碳”目标的背景下,清洁高效的氢燃料电池汽车具有广阔的发展前景。甲醇作为一种可再生、低成本、绿色燃料,与燃料电池结合组成移动式发电设备,具有碳排放少、加注燃料快、易储运的优点。车载甲醇原位制氢能有效解决氢气储运难、安全性弱、储氢率低等问题,是氢燃料电池汽车的有效制氢途径。本文阐述甲醇重整制氢中Cu系、Zn-Cr系、Ni系和贵金属催化剂特点及发展现状,从催化剂元素组成、配比、制备方法等方面讨论不同性质对甲醇转化率、产氢速率和CO选择性等性能影响。未来高稳定性、高催化活性、低成本、高通量、近零CO选择性的新型催化剂,是车载甲醇重整原位制氢的重要方向。Under the background of carbon dioxide emissions peak and carbon dioxide neutrality target,clean and efficient hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have broad development prospects.Methanol is a renewable,low-cost green fuel.Methanol and fuel cell combined to form mobile power generation equipment,has the advantages of less carbon emissions,fast fuel filling,easy storage and transportation.The vehicle-mounted methanol reforming in-situ hydrogen production technology solves the problems of hydrogen storage and transportation,weak safety and low hydrogen storage rate.Three methods of hydrogen production including methanol pyrolysis,methanol steam reforming and methanol partial oxidation were summarized.Methanol steam reforming is an effective way to produce hydrogen for hydrogen fuel vehicles due to its fast hydrogen production rate and low carbon monoxide content in tail gas.The characteristics and development status of Cu,Zn-Cr,Ni and noble metal catalysts for hydrogen production by methanol reforming were reviewed.The effects of different properties on methanol conversion,hydrogen production rate and near-zero CO selectivity of catalysts were discussed from the aspects of elemental composition,ratio and preparation method.In the future,the development of new catalysts with high stability,high catalytic activity,low cost,high-throughput and near-zero CO selectivity is an important direction for the development of vehicle-mounted methanol reforming hydrogen production.

关 键 词：车载原位制氢 甲醇水蒸气重整 近零CO 高通量催化剂 氢燃料电池车 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]