浙江省(2017~2019)大学生女子篮球赛事发展、格局分布及竞技特征的研究  

Research on the Development,Distribution and Competitive Characteristics of College Women’s Basketball Competition in Zhejiang Province( 2017 ~2019)

作　　者：姜宏斌 陈吉[1] JIANG Hong-bin;CHEN Ji(Department of P.E.Education,Zhejiang Yuexiu University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000,China;Sports and Health Research Centre,Zhejiang Yuexiu University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江越秀外国语学院体育部,浙江绍兴312000 [2]浙江越秀外国语学院运动与健康研究中心,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《体育研究与教育》2022年第5期81-87,96,共8页Sports Research and Education

基　　金：浙江省教育科学规划2021年度一般课题(2021SCG360);中国高等教育学会2021年度“高校体育发展与应用研究”专项课题(21TYYB08);2020年校级科研重点项目(D2020005)。

摘　　要：浙江省大学生篮球联赛(简称ZUBA)作为体教融合政策背景下区域性青少年体育赛事体系的成功范例,其赛事运作经验与技战术水平亟待推广。以2017~2019年度ZUBA赛事女子组秩序册、成绩册等文本数据为依据,利用文献资料、访谈调查及数理统计等方法予以探究。研究发现:(1)赛事发展。甲组参赛队由14支激增至29支,其他组别稳定;参赛组别运动员学历以赛事规定为准,甲组较少出现专科、硕博士生;年龄集中于18~21岁间,以低年级大学生参赛为主;除去体育专业丙组及高水平丁组的赛事规定,就读专业呈现多元化趋势;多次参赛运动员比例稳定在20%左右。(2)格局分布。甲乙组12~13支参赛队占据24席八强名额;丙丁组6支混编参赛队历年名次未见变化。(3)竞技特征。不同组别身高、体重及年龄存在非常显著性差异,甲乙丙丁组依次更优,不同年份未见差异;不同组别、等级及办学性质运动队竞技表现显著性差异,体现在得分、篮板、投篮命中数及命中率等进攻性指标上。结论:(1)甲乙组提升空间大,丙丁组应给予支持扩军;利用招生政策延长优秀运动员学业年限及运动生涯;鼓励运动员多元化选取就读专业及知识文化学习。(2) ZUBA应强化提升甲乙组竞技能力,扩大丙丁组参赛数量,营造“更高、更强、更快、更团结”的赛事氛围。(3)主成分及因子分析法降维及筛选出的六大类12项运动表现指标能较高效度地反映ZUBA女子组竞技特征;改造大学生球员重攻轻守的技战术风格;通过技战术训练提高质量、政策制度支持及赛事筹办设置等多途径完善ZUBA赛事体系建构。Zhejiang University Basketball League( ZUBA) is a successful example of regional youth sports event system under the background of the integration of sports and education,and its the operation experience and tactics level need to be promoted. 2017 ~2019 ZUBA data are used with the methods of literature,interview survey and mathematical statistics. The study finds that firstly regarding event development,the team number of group A increases signingficantly from 14 to 29 with less masters and doctoral students. They are between 18 groups 21years old in lower grades. Apart from group C of sports majors and group D with high levels,they show a trend of diversity. About 20% athletes participate many times. Secondly,considering the pattern of distribution,12 ~13 teams in groups A and B take 24 seats in the first eight places,while six teams in groups C and D have no changes in places throughout the years. Thirdly,in terms of competitive characteristics,different groups have significant differences in height,weight and age For the competitive performances of teams with different groups,grades and natures of the schools differ in points,rebounds,shooting and other offensive indicators. It is concluded that groups A and B have much space for promotion while groups C and D need more support. The learning years and sports career of elite athletes need to be extended by taking advantage of academic admission policy. Athletes are enconraged to study professional knowledge and culture. Besides,ZUBA should improve competitive ability of groups A and B,and increase the number of groups C and D,to create“swifter,higher,stronger and more united”competition atmosphere. What is more,principal components and factor analysis method is used to screen the six categories of 12 athletic performance indexes which can reflect competitive characteristic of women groups. It is suggested to take advantage of tactics training,policy system support and event organising settings to improve ZUBA event system construction.

关 键 词：体教融合 篮球 大学生 女子 ZUBA 竞技特征 

分 类 号：G841[文化科学—体育训练]