摄食不同粒径颗粒饲料的凡纳滨对虾发声信号特征  

Characteristics of feeding acoustic signals of Litopenaeus vannamei fed with pellets of different sizes

作　　者：曹正良[1] 沈梦庭 李钊丞 汪自豪 王秀秀 CAO Zhengliang;SHEN Mengting;LI Zhaocheng;WANG Zihao;WANG Xiuxiu(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2022年第6期26-34,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(201902080010F01117)。

摘　　要：对虾摄食时会被动发声。研究不同粒径的颗粒饲料对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)摄食发声信号特征的影响,可为基于摄食发声信号的自动投喂等应用提供理论依据。基于被动声学方法,在实验室水箱中采集凡纳滨对虾(体长9~10 cm)摄食不同粒径颗粒饲料(粒径为0.4、0.8和1.2 mm)的发声信号。对其摄食发声信号波形图、时频图和频谱图的分析表明,对虾摄食不同粒径颗粒饲料的声音信号特征相似,频率介于5~45 kHz,其中摄食0.4和0.8 mm的声音信号谱峰中心频率约17 kHz,摄食1.2 mm的平均约10 kHz;对虾摄食沙蚕(Nereis succinea)信号的频率范围和谱峰中心频率与摄食颗粒饲料相比有明显区别,摄食沙蚕声音信号频率介于5~20 kHz,谱峰中心频率约7 kHz;与养殖现场虾塘中凡纳滨对虾摄食发声信号对比发现,虾塘信号特征与实验室中的相似,区别在于虾塘信号无在高频区域的次主峰。Prawns will make noises passively when they eat. Investigating the effects of different particle sizes of pellet feed on the characteristics of feeding sound signals of L. vannamei can provide a theoretical basis for the application of automatic feeding based on feeding sound signals. With passive acoustic method, we recorded the acoustic signals of L. vannamei(Body length of 9-10 cm) feeding pellets of different sizes(0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mm) in the laboratory. The results of the waveform, spectrogram and spectrum map reveal that the characteristics of feeding acoustic signals by feeding pellets of different sizes were similar, and the frequencies were 5-45 kHz. The spectral frequency peak of acoustic signals of the shrimps fed with pellets of 0.4 and 0.8 mm was about 17 kHz, and that of shrimps fed with pellets of 1.2 mm was about 10 kHz. In addition, there were obvious differences in the acoustic signals between feeding Nereis succinea and pellets. The frequency range of acoustic signals of feeding N. succinea was 5-45 kHz, and the spectral frequency peak was about 7 kHz. Finally, compared with the feeding acoustic signals of L. vannamei in farming pond, it is found that the signal characteristics collected in the pond were similar with those in the laboratory,and the only difference is that there was no secondary peak in the high frequency region of signals in the pond-cultured shrimp.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 不同粒径颗粒饲料 摄食发声信号 

分 类 号：TB561[交通运输工程—水声工程] S966[理学—物理]