新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊患者首发临床症状分析  

Initial clinical symptoms of corona virus disease 2019

作　　者：程诚 陈帅印[1] 晋乐飞 段广才[1] CHENG Cheng;CHEN Shuaiyin;JIN Yuefei;DUAN Guangcai(Department of Epidemiology,College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2022年第6期788-791,共4页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10301407)。

摘　　要：目的:探索适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情监测的临床症状指标。方法:收集2020年1月9日0:00至2020年9月21日24:00全国各级卫生健康委员会官方网站公布的、报告了临床症状的4 672例确诊病例信息,分析临床症状分布情况。结果:4 672例中,临床症状顺位前三分别是发热(77.7%)、咳嗽(33.9%)和乏力(9.5%)。与男性相比,女性发热和乏力比例更低,咽部不适和鼻塞或流涕比例更高(P<0.05)。各年龄组发热和咳嗽均最常见。老年人(≥71岁)气促/胸闷和恶心/呕吐比例更高(P<0.001),而乏力、气促/胸闷和恶心/呕吐在未成年人(<18岁)中比例更低(P<0.05)。单一症状、两种症状和三种症状作为自主健康监测的最佳指标分别是发热(77.7%)、发热或咳嗽(91.7%)和发热、咳嗽或咽部不适(94.0%)。结论:发热和咳嗽可作为新冠肺炎疫情早发现的监测指标。Aim:To explore a suitable and feasible monitoring indicator for corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:Information of 4 672 confirmed COVID-19 cases with clinical symptoms published on the official website of the National Health Committees at all levels from 0:00 on 9 January,2020 to 24:00 on 21 September,2020 was collected.The distribution of clinical symptoms was analyzed.Results:Among 4 672 patients,fever(77.7%),cough(33.9%),and fatigue(9.5%) ranked the top three in the initial clinical symptoms.Compared with male,female had lower prevalence of fever or fatigue,but higher prevalence of pharyngeal discomfort and stuffy or runny nose(P<0.05).Besides,fever and cough were the most common among all age groups.The elderly(≥71 years) had higher prevalence of shortness of breath/chest tightness and nausea/vomiting(P<0.001),while fatigue,shortness of breath/chest tightness and nausea/vomiting were less common in minors(<18 years)(P<0.05).The best symptom monitoring of single symptom,two symptoms and three symptoms as indicators for COVID-19 were fever(77.7%),fever or cough(91.7%),and fever or cough or pharyngeal discomfort(94.0%).Conclusion:The group of fever or cough could be an indicator of COVID-19 to determine the COVID-19 epidemic as soon as possible.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 临床症状 疫情监测 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]