社会参与对老年人健康相关生命质量的影响  

Influence of social participation on health-related quality of life of the elderly

作　　者：程娇娇 刘贝贝 苏蕴 张杨洋 王述寒 张涵 欧阳宗尚 田庆丰 CHENG Jiaojiao;LIU Beibei;SU Yun;ZHANG Yangyang;WANG Shuhan;ZHANG Han;OUYANG Zongshang;TIAN Qingfeng(Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management,College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学系,郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2022年第6期802-806,共5页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2006100)。

摘　　要：目的:分析社会参与对老年人健康相关生命质量的影响。方法:收集2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,选取3 297名老年人(60岁及以上),采用欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)评价健康相关生命质量,计算效用值;将社会参与分为劳动活动型、休闲娱乐型、身体机能型和家庭参与型4种类型;以健康效用值为因变量,以性别、受教育程度、过去一年有无工作收入、饮酒、睡眠时间为协变量,采用Tobit回归分析社会参与类型及数量对老年人健康相关生命质量的影响。结果:健康相关生命质量5个维度存在困难人员的比例从高到低依次为行动能力(57.23%)、焦虑/沮丧(55.26%)、疼痛/不适(41.04%)、日常活动(25.81%)、自我照顾(18.41%)。社会参与类型中身体机能型人数最多(2 866人,占86.93%),家庭参与型人数最少(1 274人,占38.64%);总体来看,老年人社会参与类型越多,健康效用值越高。回归结果显示,劳动活动型(B=0.043,P<0.001)、休闲娱乐型(B=0.033,P=0.010)、身体机能型(B=0.136,P<0.001)及社会参与数量(1~4对应B分别为0.191、0.256、0.271、0.270,P<0.001)影响老年人健康相关生命质量。结论:社会参与显著影响老年人的健康相关生命质量。Aim:To understand the current situation of social participation of the elderly in China,and analyze the impact of social participation on the health-related quality of life of the elderly.Methods:Data from 2018 China Health and Old-age Care Tracking Survey(CHARLS) were collected.A total of 3 297 elderly people(≥60 years) were selected and analyzed from 4 aspects of social participation(labor activity,leisure and recreation,physical function and family participation).EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire was used to measure health-related quality of life of the elderly,and health utility value was calculated.Taking health utility value as dependent variable,gender,education level,having work income or not in the last year,drinking,sleeping time as covariants,the impact of social participation on health-related quality of life of the elderly was analyzed by Tobit regression.Results:In the investigated population,the proportion of the elderly with problems in the 5 dimensions of health-related quality of life from high to low was mobility( 57.23%),anxiety/depression( 55.26%),pain/discomfort( 41.04%),daily activities( 25.81%),and self-care( 18.41%).The number of the elderly of physical function type was the largest( 2 866 people,accounting for 86.93%),while the number of the elderly of family participation type was the least( 1 297 people,accounting for 38.64%).Overall,the more social participation they took,the higher health utility value the elderly had.Regression results showed that labor activity type( B = 0.043,P < 0.001),leisure and recreation type( B = 0.033,P = 0.010),physical function type( B = 0.136,P < 0.001) and the number of social participations( B = 0.191,0.256,0.271,0.270 for the number of 1,2,3,and 4,P < 0.001) had significant impact on the healthrelated quality of life of the elderly.Conclusion:Social participation has significant impact on the health-related quality of life of the elderly.

关 键 词：社会参与 老年人 生命质量 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]