伪满政权下农民经济和社会生活透视——以长春市刘家屯和呼兰县孟家屯的口述调查资料为中心  

A Study of the Peasant Economy and Social life under the Puppet Manchuguo Regime:On the Basis of the Oral Investigation Material in Liujiatun,Changchun City and Mengjiatun,Hulan County

作　　者：朱婧鑫 王大任[2] Zhu Jingxin;Wang Daren

机构地区：[1]辽宁警察学院 [2]中国社会科学院经济研究所

出　　处：《中国经济史评论》2022年第2期97-111,共15页China Economic History Review

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“近代东北乡村的资源流通网络与乡村社会变迁研究”(项目批准号:20FZSB055)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文利用艾仁民教授对长春市刘家屯和呼兰县孟家屯地区的口述史访谈资料,在女性参与农业生产、农产品商品化、市场共同体和乡村社会的保护性规范等学界较关注的问题上,与当前现有研究成果相印证,力图更细致地还原伪满时期农民经济和社会生活实态。研究显示,伪满政府对农村的掠夺,对农村的生产力和生产关系都造成了严重破坏。农村中劳动力因劳工制度和剪刀差掠夺而普遍不足,女性不得不大量参与农业生产。农产商品化虽在部分地区和部分领域出现畸形性发展,但整体上趋于萎缩。固有乡村社会保护性规范和市场共同体也都受到严重冲击,乡村中依赖在殖民体制获利的新权贵横行,农民生活状况进一步恶化,乡村社会矛盾也随之日益激化。In order to have a more detailed understanding of the actual peasant economy and social life in the period of the puppet Manchuguo regime,the issues with which the academic circles have been more concerned,such as women's taking part in farming,the commercialization of agricultural products,the market cooperative system and the protective standards of rural society,are studied in this paper adopting Professor Christopher Isset's oral investigation material in Liujiatun,Changchun City and Mengjiatun,Hulan County,and referring to the present research achievements.It is shown by the study that the puppet Manchuguo regime's plunder in the countryside led to the severe spoil of its productive forces and production relations;because of laborer system and price scissors,labor force in the countryside was insufficient,a large number of women had to take part in the agricultural production;the commercialization of agricultural products had developed abnormally in part of regions and part of fields,but it tended towards recession as a whole;traditional protective standards of rural society and market cooperative system were influenced badly as well,new big shots benefiting from the colony system acted in a tyrannous manner in the countryside,peasants'living conditions became worse,and the rural social contradiction was increasingly intensified.

关 键 词：伪满 农民 东北 农村 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]