应用于电流量子化的电子束优化  

Electron Beam Optimization with Application to Current Quantification

作　　者：曾冰倩 胡桐宁[1,2] 李俊洋 李小飞 杨军 樊宽军[1] ZENG Bingqian;HU Tongning;LI Junyang;LI Xiaofei;YANG Jun;FAN Kuanjun(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;National High Magnetic Field Center,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;China Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学国家脉冲强磁场科学中心,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2022年第12期102-108,112,共8页Process Automation Instrumentation

基　　金：国家电网公司科技基金资助项目(422JL210021)。

摘　　要：利用粒子加速器产生的电子束实现电流量子化是电学计量领域新兴方向,要求电子束稳定度高和精确可调以满足不同计量范围的要求。电子枪产生的电子束品质决定了电流量子化系统的性能。为保障电子束的精准传输和准确调节,对束流的横向发射度,即直流束流的层流性提出了严格的要求。因此,从电子束的引出和传输两个过程对电子束层流性进行了优化。主要包括基于束流动力学分析优化设计电子枪电磁结构,以及设计螺线管线圈抑制电子束传输过程中的横向发射度增长。针对线圈边缘磁场问题,比较分析了屏蔽壳和反抵线圈两种补偿方案,并通过仿真验证了其效果。该研究将为基于加速器技术的电流量子化的工程实现提供方案,并促进该技术的发展。Current quantization using electron beams generated by particle accelerators is an emerging direction in the field of electrical metrology,requiring high stability and precise tunability of the electron beam to meet the requirements of different metrology ranges.The quality of the electron beam produced by the electron gun determines the performance of the current quantization system.To guarantee precise transmission and accurate adjustment of the electron beam,strict requirements are placed on the lateral emission of the beam,i.e.,the laminar flow of the DC beam.Therefore,the laminar flow properties of the electron beam are optimized in terms of both the introduction and transmission of the electron beam.This includes the optimization of the electromagnetic structure of the electron gun based on beam dynamics analysis and the design of solenoidal coils to suppress the growth of transverse emittance during electron beam transport.Two compensation schemes,a shielded shell,and a countecompensating coil,are compared and validated by simulations to address the magnetic field at the edge of the coil.The research will provide solutions for the engineering realization of current quantization based on accelerator technology and promote the development of this technology.

关 键 词：电流量子化 粒子加速器 电子束 电子枪 传输线 聚焦线圈 边缘磁场 层流性 

分 类 号：TH7[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]