预应力螺纹钢锚杆扭矩-预紧力转化试验研究  

Experimental study on torque-preload conversion of prestressed screw steel anchor

作　　者：侯俊领 李垂宇 赵能 张敦喜[3] 杜承航 HOU Junling;LI Chuiyu;ZHAO Neng;ZHANG Dunxi;DU Chenghang(Vanadium and Titanium Institute,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua Sichuan 617000,China;School of Civil Architecture,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan Anhui 232000,China;Huainan Mining(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Huainan Anhui 232000,China;Sichuan Titanium Star Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Panzhihua Sichuan 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院钒钛学院,四川攀枝花617000 [2]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232000 [3]淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司,安徽淮南232000 [4]四川钛星工程科技有限责任公司,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2022年第11期55-64,共10页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2020YFS0512);深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室开放基金资助(SKLMRDPC19KF03)。

摘　　要：为有效提高预应力螺纹钢锚杆预紧力,降低锚杆断锚、失锚现象,对锚杆扭矩-预紧力转化关系及螺母装配过程中锚杆危险点进行理论分析,得出影响预紧力的因素以及锚杆断裂的原因;研发锚杆扭矩-预紧力转化测试工装,分别检测锚杆预紧过程中施加的总扭矩、螺纹副扭矩、托盘支承面扭矩;研发锚杆滚动式减摩垫片,通过理论分析及现场应用得出其扭矩-预紧力转化关系,降低托盘摩擦损耗对预紧力的影响;研发拉压分离型螺母,通过数值模拟和实验室试验得出其受力云图和扭矩-预紧力的转化关系,降低螺纹副变形、受力环境差对预紧力的影响。研究结果表明:滚动式减摩垫片,可降低螺母与托盘支承面的摩擦,提高扭矩-预紧力转化效率,预紧力提高2倍以上;应用拉压分离型螺母,将传统锚杆螺纹副拉压复合型的集中承载优化为拉压分离型的均布承载,显著缓和锚杆危险面和危险点的应力大小,实现螺纹副协调变形,降低断锚的现象发生。In order to effectively improve the pre-tightening force of prestressed thread steel bolt and reduce the anchor bolt broken anchor loss phenomenon,the transformation relationship between bolt torque and pre-tightening force and the dangerous points of a bolt in the nut assembly process were analyzed theoretically.The factors affecting pre-tightening force and the causes of bolt fracture were obtained.The bolt torque-pre-tightening force conversion test tooling was developed.The bolt pre-tightening process applied to the total torque,thread pair torque,and tray bearing surface torque were detected,respectively.The rolling friction-reducing gasket of the anchor rod was developed.Through theoretical analysis and field application,the relationship between torque and preload was obtained,and the influence of friction loss of pallets on preload was reduced.The tension-compression separation nut was developed.The force cloud diagram and torque-preload transformation relationship were obtained through numerical simulation and laboratory tests,and the influence of thread pair deformation and poor stress environment on preload was reduced.The results show that the rolling friction-reducing gasket can reduce the friction between the nut and the supporting surface of the tray,improve the torque-preload conversion efficiency,and increase the preload by more than two times.By applying the tension-compression separation nut,the concentrated load bearing of the tension-compression composite of the traditional bolt thread pair is optimized to the uniform load bearing of the tension-compression separation type,which significantly alleviates the stress of the dangerous surface and dangerous point of the bolt,realizes the coordinated deformation of the thread pair,and reduces the phenomenon of broken anchor.

关 键 词：预应力螺纹钢锚杆 扭矩-预紧力 锚杆断裂危险点 滚动式减摩垫片 拉压分离型螺母 

分 类 号：X924.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TD350[矿业工程—矿井建设]