中国社会经济福利的衡量与评估——跨越国内生产总值之限  

A Measure of China s Socio-economic Welfare:Beyond GDP

作　　者：李雯 张珩琰 李思沛 LI Wen;ZHANG Heng-yan;LI Si-pei

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]中国人寿保险资产管理有限公司

出　　处：《中央财经大学学报》2022年第12期95-110,共16页Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics

摘　　要：本文基于消费等值模型,构建了包括预期寿命、消费、闲暇、公共服务、环境质量和财富不平等性等六个因素在内的消费等值福利指标,以衡量和评估20多年来中国社会经济福利的变化。研究表明:(1)从全国层面看,1994至2019年,中国的社会经济福利水平大幅度提高,居民的生活质量进一步改善;(2)从地方层面看,社会经济福利水平呈现出东、西、中依次递减的区域分布特征,并且社会经济福利水平的不平等比收入水平的不平等更加严重;(3)不同因素对全国整体在不同时期以及不同省份在同一时期的社会经济福利水平均产生不同影响,与中国社会经济的发展事实吻合;(4)尽管国内生产总值与消费等值福利指标的相关性较高,但是2010年之后,后者所衡量的社会经济福利水平明显加快增长,拉大了两者的偏差,这说明消费等值福利指标能够更加全面地反映中国经济发展方式的转变与社会经济福利水平的变化。可见,在未来的社会发展中,应当全方位关注各种因素对社会经济福利水平的影响,以推动其整体提升。Based on the consumption-equivalent welfare model,this paper constructs an indicator,which incorporates six factors such as life expectancy,consumption,leisure,public service,environmental quality and social inequality,to evaluate the changes in China s socio-economic welfare in recent years.The study finds that China s socio-economic welfare level has undergone tremendous changes from 1994 to 2019,and the quality of residents life has been greatly improved.Also,China s socio-economic welfare level shows a regional distribution characteristic of decreasing order in the east,west and middle,and the inequality of socio-economic welfare level is more serious than the inequality of income.Moreover,different factors have distinct effects on socio-economic welfare level for China as a whole in different period and for different provinces in the same period,which is consistent with China s socio-economic development.Finally,although the correlation between GDP and consumption-equivalent welfare indicator is relatively high,the growth rate of the consumption-equivalent welfare level has accelerated significantly and the deviation from GDP increased continuously since 2010,which shows that the consumption-equivalent welfare indicator could reflect the transformation of the economic development pattern more comprehensively.Therefore,in future social development and policy changes,we should pay full attention to the impact of various factors on socio-economic welfare,so as to promote the improvement of the overall welfare of society.

关 键 词：社会经济福利 国内生产总值 消费等值指标 直接经济因素 非直接经济因素 

分 类 号：F015[经济管理—政治经济学]