伊犁煤4.0 MPa碎煤加压气化炉开车操作优化研究  

Study on optimization of start-up operation of 4.0 MPa pulverized coal pressurized gasifier for Yili coal

作　　者：景玮 JING Wei(Yili Xintian Coal Chemical Co.,Ltd.Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁新天煤化工有限责任公司,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《煤炭加工与综合利用》2022年第10期61-65,共5页Coal Processing & Comprehensive Utilization

摘　　要：为提高伊犁煤碎煤加压气化炉开车操作的安全性、经济性和设备可靠性,依据固定床加压气化炉结构特征,基于伊犁煤质,从气密试验介质、气化炉辅助构件、炉篦结构及材质、操作流程等方面,探索研究优化气化炉开车操作的途径。结果表明,采用不同压力等级的中低压氮气替代自产煤气作为气密试验介质,可降低气化炉开车过程泄漏的安全风险;通过改造波式套筒、增大气化炉上部粗煤气通道空间,增加了气化炉蒸汽升温阶段的蒸汽流量;改造炉篦布气方式、选择合适材质,采用空气点火合格后快速转入切氧状态的方式可快速建立伊犁煤碎煤加压气化的灰床。此外,采用碎煤加压气化炉低压热紧新模式、增设开车过程中粗煤气氧气成分小于0.4%时煤锁气自动化控制由火炬切换至气柜对有效气回收等方法,可使伊犁煤应用碎煤加压气化炉开车时间大幅度缩减。对伊犁煤碎煤加压气化炉开车操作的优化,大幅度降低了开车能耗、提升了开车设备和工艺的安全性。In order to improve the safety,economy and equipment reliability of the start-up operation of Yili pulverized coal pressurized gasification furnace,based on the structural characteristics of the fixed bed pressurized gasification furnace and the quality of Yili coal,the ways to optimize the start-up operation of the gasifier are explored and studied from the aspects of airtight test medium,auxiliary components of the gasifier,grate structure and material,and operation process.The results show that using medium and low pressure nitrogen with different pressure levels instead of self-produced gas as the airtight test medium can reduce the safety risk of leakage during the start-up of gasifier;The steam flow of the gasifier during the steam heating stage is increased by modifying the wave sleeve and increasing the space of the crude gas passage at the upper part of the gasifier;Reforming the gas distribution mode of the grate,selecting the appropriate material,and adopting the method of quickly changing to the oxygen cutting state after the air ignition is qualified can quickly establish the ash bed of Yili coal crushed coal pressurized gasification;In addition,adopting the new mode of low-pressure thermal tightening of pulverized coal pressurized gasifier,adding the automatic control of coal lock gas when the oxygen content of crude gas is less than 0.4%during startup,and switching from flare to gas holder to recover the effective gas,etc.,can greatly reduce the startup time of Yili coal pressurized gasifier.The optimization of start-up operation of Yili pulverized coal pressurized gasification furnace has greatly reduced start-up energy consumption and improved the safety of start-up equipment and process.

关 键 词：伊犁煤 碎煤加压气化炉 开车操作优化 安全节能 

分 类 号：TQ545[化学工程—煤化学工程]